Lecture 13: Nervous System Induction Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebrus-like and DKK-1

A

Origin: anterior visceral endoderm
Role: inhibits development of posterior structures and thus establishes the A/P axis

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2
Q

What are the effects of Foxa-2 in the early primitive streak stage?

A

Establishes primitive node, initiates notochord function, establishes midline structures from cranial end to node

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3
Q

What signaling molecule is necessary for normal head formation in late primitive streak stage?

A

Cerebrus-related 1

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4
Q

What signaling molecules released from primitive streak activate Hox genes in the late primitive streak stage?

A

Retinoic acid, Wnt, FGF

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5
Q

Determination

A

Process by which cell/part of embryo becomes restricted to a given developmental pathway (committed to a specific cell line)

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6
Q

Differentiation

A

Complex of changes involved in progressive specialization of structure and function, often resulting information of luxury molecules

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7
Q

What is the 1st sign of asymmetry in early development?

A

Asymmetrical beating of cilia around primitive node resulting in directional current and expression of TGF-B molecules

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8
Q

What is the role of Nodal with respect to L/R asymmetry?

A

Nodal is swept to the left side of the embryo by the ciliary current; stimulates multiple gene expression pathways via Pitx2

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9
Q

What is the role of Lefty-1 with respect to L/R asymmetry?

A

Lefty-1 is expressed on the left side of the embryo and blocks diffusion of genetic material to the right side

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