Lecture 13 Flashcards
1
Q
Basic Cell Properties
A
- complex and organized
- can reproduce
- can evolve
- have chemical reactions- enzymes
- have mechanical activities
- respond to stimuli
- self-regulation
- assimilate and utilize NRG
- genetic program controls activities
2
Q
Eukaryotic Cells
A
- fungi, plants, animals, protists
- multicellular and sometimes unicellular
- organelles and nucleus
- large ribosomes
- genetic material in nuclear compartments- CHROMOSOMES
3
Q
Explain Transcription
A
When information is transferred from a DNA molecule to an RNA molecule
4
Q
Prokaryotic Cells
A
- only life form until evolution
- bacteria/archaea
- no organelles or nucleus
- ribosomes but small
- single celled
- asexual reproduction
- genetic material in nucleoid
5
Q
Compartments of cells
A
- Defined by single or double lipid layer
- Play a big role as they: establish physical boundaries enabling cells to carry out diff metabolic activities & generate micro-enviroment to spatially and temporarily regulate biological processes
6
Q
Explain DNA Replication
A
DNA info in transferred from one DNA molecule to another
7
Q
Explain The Cell Theory
A
- all living organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
- the cell is the most basic unit of life
- all cells must come from preexisting cells
8
Q
Explain Enucleation
A
Mechanism where maturing red blood cells eject their nucleus
9
Q
Explain Translation
A
Info is transferred from RNA to proteins through a code w/ specific amino acid sequences
- red blood cells don’t have a nuclei or organelles which means they have have DNA and can’t synthesis RNA and therefore can’t divide
10
Q
Animal VS. Plant Cells
A
Plants: vacuoles, cell wall, chloroplasts, plasmodesmata
Animals: lysosomes, microvilli
