LECTURE Flashcards
A 52-year-old woman with a medical history of complicated urinary tract infection
readmitted due to high fever, severe chest pain, fatigue, aching joints and muscles and
difficult urination. Colorless colonies were isolated on MacConkey agar, positive on indole,
urease, citrate and malonate test. What is the possible microorganism?
A. Serratia marcescens
B. Citrobacter diversus
C. Escherichia coli
D. Proteus vulgaris
Proteus vulgaris
Which of the following is/are best to cultivate the Nocardia species?
I. 5-7 days of incubation at 37C
II. Incubate at room temperature
III. 3-6 days of incubation at 37C
IV. Use BCYE and Chocolate Agar Plate
III and IV
The following results are obtained from a pure culture of gram negative rods recovered
from the pulmonary secretions of a 10-year-old cystic fibrosis patient with pneumonia
Oxidase =blue Motility = with turbidity at SIM
Glucose OF (open) = yellow Gelatin =liquefied
Pigment = green Arginine dihydrolase =purple
Growth at 42’C = positive Flagella = polar monotrichous
Which is the most likely organism?
A. Pseudomonas stutzeri
B. Pseudomonas pseudomallei
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Pseudomonas cepacia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
High fever and an inflammatory swelling of the axilla and groin lymph nodes are signs and
symptoms of 35-year-old female patient admitted at Emergency room. Four blood cultures were obtained, resulting in
growth of gram-negative bacilli resembling safety pins and showing colorless colonies on MacConkey Agar. Testing demonstrated a non-motile bacilli that was biochemically inert. What is the most likely identification?
A. Klebsiella oxytoca
B. Yersinia enterocolitica
C. Morganella morganii
D. Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis
An isolate of Escherichia coli recovered from the stool of a patient with severe bloody
diarrhea should be tested for which carbohydrate before sending it to reference laboratory
for serological testing?
A. Raffinose
B. Mannitol
C. Sucrose
D. Sorbitol
Sorbitol
True about the cell wall of partially acid-fast bacilli, except:
I. contain shorter mycolic acid
II. peptidoglycan made up of mesodiaminopimelic acid
III. contain glucose and arabinose
IV. forms the filaments
III and IV
TRUE OR FALSE
Morse code appearance is seen in gram staining of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
False
A curved gram-negative rod producing oxidase-positive colonies on blood agar
was recovered from a stool culture. Given the following results, what is the most
likely identification?
Lysine decarboxylase = positive Arginine decarboxylase = Negative
Indole = positive TSI = Alk/Acid
VP = Negative Lactose = Negative
Urease = variable String test = Negative
TCBS agar = Green colonies
A. Vibrio cholerae
B. Salmonella spp
C. Shigella spp
D. Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
A 28-year-old female complained of a severe eye irritation after removing her softcontact lenses. Swab from the infected right eye was submitted in the microbiology
for culture and sensitivity. At 24 hours, growth of a gram-negative rod that tested
positive for cytochrome oxidase was noted. Bluish-green colonies were showed on
Mueller-Hinton Agar. What is the most likely microorganism?
A. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
B. Burkholderia cepacia
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Acinetobacter baumanii
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
A catheterized urine specimen collected from a female patient who is residing in a nursing
home reveals the following:
TSI: K/A, no gas, H2S negative MacConkey: clear colonies
indole: red ring Citrate: blue
Motility: positive Urease: pink
Deaminase: burgundy
Identify the isolate:
A. Providencia stuartii
B. Klebsiella pneumoniae
C. Escherichia coli
D. Proteus mirabilis
E. Serratia marcescens
Providencia stuartii
An acid fast organism is isolated form a wound culture taken from the hand of a marine
biology student The organism produces smooth, bright lemon-yellow colonies on
Lowenstein-Jensen agar when exposed to light The organism is negative for nitrate
reduction and is catalase and urease positive. The identity of this organism is:
A. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C. Mycobacterium fortuitum
D. Mycobacterium marinum
E. Mycobacterium ulcerans
Mycobacterium marinum
Which of the following tests best differentiate Shigella species from E. coli?
A. Hydrogen sulfide, VP, citrate, and urea
B. Hydrogen sulfide, ME, citrate, and urea
C. Gas, citrate, and VP
D. Lactose, indole. ONPG; and motility
Lactose, indole. ONPG; and motility
Formation of granuloma into the lungs that may extend into the tissue producing extensive
tissue involvement and damage.
A. Confluent bronchopneumonia
B. Pulmonary tuberculosis
C. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
D. Lobar pneumonia
Confluent bronchopneumonia
Which of the following Mycobacterium species is diagnosed by biopsy other than culture?
A. M. bovis
B. M. leprae
C. M. avium
D. M. canetti
M. leprae
Which are the best two tests to differentiate Aeromonas hydrophilia from Plesiomonas
shigelloides?
A. DNase and VP
B. Growth on MacConkey and blood agar
C. Oxidase and motility
D. Indole and lysine decarboxylase
Growth on MacConkey and blood agar
1 Statement: All Non-fermentative Organisms are oxidase positive
2 Statement: Acinetobacter species is the negative in motility and oxidase.
A. Neither Statements are correct
B. 1 Statement is true, 2 Statement is true
C. 1 Statement is false, 2 Statement is true
D. 2 Statement is false, 1 Statement is true
1 Statement is false, 2 Statement is true
A bloody stool cultured from a 35-year-old- woman after three days of severe diarrhea
showed the following results at 48 hours after being plated on the following media:
Mac Conkey agar: colorless colonies
Hektoen Enteric Agar: Blue-green colonies
Oxidase: colorless
Indole: colorless ring
SIM: No brush appearance from the stab line without H2S
Urease: Orange
ONPG: yellow
A. Escherichia coli
B. Salmonella cholerae- suis
C. Salmonella typhi
D. Shigella sonnei
Shigella sonnei
3 most commonly isolated Non-fermentative Organism
A. Burkholderia pseudomallei
B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C. Burkholderia cepacia
D. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
The Shiga-like toxin is produced mainly by which Enterobacteriaceae?
I. Shigella dysenteriae
II. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
III. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
IV. Enteroadherent Escherichia coli
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
A wound sample was submitted at Microbiology reveals non-motile gram-variable bacilli,
aerobic and catalase positive. Identify the isolate:
A. Streptomyces anulatus
B. Gordonia bronchialis
C. Actinomadura madurae
D. Rhodococcus equi
Gordonia bronchialis
A gram-negative coccobacillus was isolated from an infected cat bite. The isolate grew on
blood agar with a musty smell, but did not grow on MacConkey agar. It was catalase,
indole, and oxidase positive and negative to urease. Which one of the following is the most
likely identity of this isolate?
A. Pasteurella multocida
B. Eikenella corrodens
C. Pasteurella canis
D. Pasteurella bettyae
Pasteurella multocida
Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar is a highly selective medium used for the recovery
of which bacteria?
A. Yersinia species that do not grow on Hektoen Enteric Agar
B. Enterobacteriaceae from gastrointestinal specimens
C. Streptococcus species from stool cultures
D. Corynebacterium species from normal flora
Enterobacteriaceae from gastrointestinal specimens
TRUE OR FALSE
Rosette form is the microscopic morphology of Cardiobacterium hominis
True
Grown inhibition by thiophene-2-carboxylic hydrazide (T2H) is used to differentiate
Mycobacterium tuberculosis from which otter Mycobacterium sp.?
A. M. avium complex
B. M. bovis
C. M. marinum
D. M. kansasii
M. bovis
1 Statement: All Partially acid-fast bacilli are strictly aerobic
2 Statement: All Non-Partially Acid-fast Bacilli are lysozyme resistant.
A. Neither Statements are correct
B. 1 Statement is true, 2 Statement is true
C. 1 Statement is false, 2 Statement is true
D. 2 Statement is false, 1 Statement is true
1 Statement is false, 2 Statement is true
Which test group best differentiates Acinetobacter species. from Pseudomonas.
aeruginosa?
A. Oxidase, motility, 42°C growth
B. MacConkey growth, 37C growth, catalase
C. Blood agar growth, oxidase, catalase
D. Oxidase, TSI, MacConkeY growth
Oxidase, motility, 42°C growth
Direct spread of pneumonic plaque disease occurs by which route?
Airborne droplets
All of the isolates of Eikenella corrodens pits the agar with bleach-like odor. True or false
false
A suspected case of plague requires which of the following procedures in order to confirm
Yersinia pestis?
I. Satellitism pattern in broth culture
II. Incubation of blood cultures at both 25°C and 30°C
III. Culture aspirates from buboes to MacConkey agar at room temperature
IV. safety pin appearance in leifson’s staining
A. II only
B. II, III
C. I, IV
D. II, III, IV
II only
Which of the biochemical tests best to differentiate Klebsiella pneumoniae from Klebsiella
oxytoca?
A. Citrate
B. Indole
C. Urease
D. Sucrose
Indole
A gram negative, motile rod is isolated from a urine culture. On trypticase soy agar, the
organism produces red pigmented, DNAse positive colonies. Additional biochemical
testing revealed the following: KCN positive, ODC positive, ADC negative and LDC positive.
The most probable organism is:
A. Escherichia coli
B. Proteus vulgaris
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Enterobacter cloacae
E. Serratia marcescens
Serratia marcescens
Which of the follow is noted for a positive result for niacin accumulation?
A. Mycobacterium gordonae
B. Mycobacterium fortuitum-chelonae
C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Common name of Mycobacterium gordonae
tap water bacillus
Common name of Mycobacterium kansasii
yellow bacillus
Common name of Mycobacterium intacellulare
battey bacillus
Sputum samples for Tuberculosis are optimally collected
A. by collecting sputum for a 24 hour period for 1 day
B. in the morning on 3 consecutive days
C.in the evening on 3 consecutive days
D. by collecting sputum for three 24 hour periods
in the morning on 3 consecutive days
Colorless colonies on MacConkey Agar and yellow colonies on TCBS agar are
presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae. Which biochemical tests would be
used to eliminate Aeromonas and Plesiomonas species in seafood food
poisoning?
I. Mannitol fermentation
II. String test
III. Gelatin Liquefaction
IV. Oxidase
A. II, IV
B. I, II
C. I, II, III
D. III, IV
I, II
Which of the following tests may be used to differentiate Cardiobacterium hominis from
Actinobacillus spp.?
A. Oxidase
B. Gram stain
C. Indole
D. Anaerobic incubation
Indole
Which of the following is the best media for the cultivation of Vibrio species?
A. TCBS, BAP, Alkaline Peptone Water
B. TCBS, BCYE, MacConkey, SSA
C. TCBS, Clary-Blair medium, SSA
D. TCBS, Alkaline Peptone Water, MacConkey
TCBS, Alkaline Peptone Water, MacConkey
Cetrimide agar is used as a selective isolation agar for which organism?
A. Burkholderia cepacia
B. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
C. Acinetobacter baumannii
D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
88 -year- old diabetic patient, rushed to the emergency department with abdominal pain,
fever, vomiting, and nausea. A watery stool specimen producing no fecal leukocytes or
erythrocytes was cultured and grew a predominance of gram- negative fermentative bacilli.
The colonies were beta-hemolytic on Blood Agar Plate and colorless on Mac Conkey agar.
The colonies were both catalase and oxidase positive. What is the most likely
identification?
a. Shigella dysenteriae
b. Escherichia coli
c. Aeromonas hydrophilia
d. Salmonella species
Aeromonas hydrophilia
The choleragen-like toxin, which is seen in cases of Montezuma’s revenge or “turista” is
produced by which of the following E. coli types?
a. ETEC
b. EHEC
c. EPEC
d. EIEC
ETEC
Smooth gray colonies showing no hemolysis are recovered from an infected cat scratch on
blood and chocolate agar but fail to grow on MacConkey agar. The organisms are gram negative pleomorphic rods that are both catalase and oxidase positive and strongly indole
positive. The most likely organism is:
a. Proteus spp.
b. Pasteurella spp.
c. Pseudomonas spp.
d. Capnocytophaga spp.
Pasteurella spp.
Which reaction is incorrect for Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
a. positive alkalinization of acetamide
b. produces pyoverdin pigment
c. fails to grow AT 42c
d. produces pyocyanin pigment
fails to grow AT 42c
Which of the following virulence factors provide resistance of Nocardia into oxidative
killing?
I. Catalase
II. capsule
III. Nocobactin
IV. Superoxide dismutase
A. II, III, IV
B. II
C. IV only
D. I, IV
I, IV
Cultures obtain from a dog bite wound produce yellow, tan, and slightly pink colonies on
blood and chocolate agar with margin of fingerlike projections appearing as a film around
colonies. Given the following results at 24 hours, which is the most likely organism?
Oxidase=0 catalase=0
Growth on MacConkey agar=0 Motility =+ (“gliding” appearance)
A. Capnocytophaga species
B. Acinetobacter species
C. Pseudomonas species
D. Eikenella species
Capnocytophaga species
Tsukamurella paurametabola is causative agent of catheter-related sepsis. TRUE OR FALSE
False
Curved gram-negative bacilli causes wound infections with growth requirement of 1%
sodium chloride.
a. Vibrio mimicus
b. Vibrio vulnificus
c. Vibrio fluvialis
d. Vibrio alginolyticus
Vibrio alginolyticus
The symptoms of diffuse, watery diarrhea that produces a relatively clear stool containing
mucus flecks or rice water stool is most closely associated with an infection caused by:
a. Escherichia coli
b. Vibrio cholerae
c. Shigella dysenteriae
d. Yersinia enterocolitica
Vibrio cholerae
Cefsulodin-Igrasan Novobiocin is used for the recovery of:
I. Yersinia species
II. Burkholderia pseudomallei
III. Yersinia enterocolitica
IV. Edwarsiella tarda
A. II, IV
B. I only
C. III only
D. I, III
III only
Kingella kingae can best be differentiated from Eikenella corrodens using which medium?
a. MacConkey agar
b. Sheep blood agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. XLD agar
Sheep blood agar
A gram negative, non-motile rod is isolated from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia
Biochemically, the organism is ONPG positive, citrate positive, and LDC positive. Negative
results were obtained in the ADH, ODC and H2S tests. The organism isolated is:
a. Serratia marcescens
b. Klebsiella pneumoniae
c. Streptococcus pneumoniae
d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
e. Yersinia pestis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
The two causative agents of mycetoma is best to differentiate by?
a. carbohydrates fermentation
b. oxidase
c. motility
d. fatty acid analysis
motility
Mycobacterium avium is a major opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients. M. avium from
AIDS patients can be best characterized by which one of the following statements?
a. M. avium isolates from AIDS patients are of multiple serovars
b. Few isolates from AIDS patients are acid-fast
c. M. avium can be isolated from the blood of AIDS patients
d. The majority of M. avium isolates from AIDS patients are nonpigmented
e. Most isolates from AIDS patients are sensitive to isoniazid and streptomycin
M. avium can be isolated from the blood of AIDS patients
Acinetobacter baumannii is:
a. non saccharolytic
b. non-hemolytic
c. motile
d. oxidase positive
non-hemolytic
Kingella kingae is usually associated with which type of infection?
a. Meningitis
b. Endocarditis
c. Middle ear
d. Urogenital
Endocarditis
Which of the following Mycobacterium species produce pigmented colonies in the dark?
a. Mycobacterium szulgai
b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c. Mycobacterium kansasii
d. Mycobacterium chelonae
Mycobacterium szulgai
A 15-year-old female complained of a severe eye irritation after removing her soft-contact
lenses. A swab of the infected right eye was obtained by an ophthalmologist, who ordered
a culture and sensitivity test. The culture was plated on blood agar and MacConkey agar.
At 24 hours, growth of a gram-negative rod that tested positive for cytochrome oxidase
was noted. The Mueller–Hinton sensitivity plate showed a bluish-green “lawn” of growth
that proved highly resistant to most of the antibiotics tested except amikacin, tobramycin,
and ciprofloxacin. What is the most likely identification?
a. Burkholderia cepacia
b. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
d. Acinetobacter baumannii
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Associated with epidemic cholera which is positive on oxidase, catalase, Voges Proskauer
and polymyxin B susceptibility
a. Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba
b. Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor
c. Vibrio cholerae O1 Classical
d. Vibrio cholerae Non O1
Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba
A Bloody mucoid stool was submitted to the Microbiology for culture and sensitivity.
Laboratory Diagnosis:
Hektoen Enteric Agar: green colonies TCBS: no growth
XLD: clear colonies MacConkey Agar: colorless colonies
SSA: colorless colonies
Which tests are most appropriate for identification of this enteric pathogen?
A. TSI, Indole, Urease, Citrate
B. TSI, motility, indole, LDC, Widal Test
C. TSI, Indole, Methyl Red, Voges Proskauer, Citrate
D. TSI, motility, indole, LDC, Serological typing
TSI, motility, indole, LDC, Serological typing
Rhodococcus equi produced salmon-pink pigment on Mueller-Hinton Agar plate TRUE OR FALSE
False
Which organism is associated with immunodeficiency syndromes and a glanders-like
disease?
a. Pseudomonas putida
b. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
c. Pseudomonas stutzeri
d. Burkholderia pseudomallei
Burkholderia pseudomallei
A nonfermenter recovered from an eye wound is oxidase positive, motile with polar
monotrichous flagella. Colonies are dry, wrinkled or smooth, buff to light yellow to brown in
color, and are difficult to remove from the agar. Biochemical test results are yellow color at
ADC and clear zone around colonies on starch agar plate.
a. Burkholderia pseudomallei
b. Pseudomonas fluorescens
c. Pseudomonas stutzeri
d. Pseudomonas oryzihabitans
Pseudomonas stutzeri
Enterobacter sakazaki can best be differentiated from Enterobacter cloacae by its:
a. Yellow pigmentation and positive urease
b. H2S production on TSI
c. Pink pigmentation and positive arginine dihydrolase
d. Yellow pigmentation and negative sorbitol fermentation
Yellow pigmentation and negative sorbitol fermentation
Three consecutive stool cultures from a 10-year-old female patient produced bulls eye
colonies on Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin after 48 hours of incubation. The patient had
suffering from enterocolitis with fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain for 2 days. What is the
most likely identification of this gram-negative bacilli?
a. Yersinia enterocolitica
b. Shigella boydii
c. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
d. Serratia mascescens
Yersinia enterocolitica
A 2-year-old infant is brought to the emergency room with hemolytic uremic syndrome and
thrombocytopenia. Which one of the following bacteria would most likely be isolated from
a stool specimen?
a. Shigella
b. Aeromonas
c. Enterobacter
d. E. coli 0157/H7
e. Salmonella
E. coli 0157/H7
A rapid indole test is performed on the lactose fermenter, with a positive result. This
organism can be presumptively identified as:
a. Proteus mirabilis
b. Enterobacter cloacae
c. Klebsiella pneumoniae
d. Escherichia coli
e. Enterococcus
Escherichia coli
True about the 4 week of Typhoid fever.
I. Ulceration of Peyer’s patches
II. Osteomyelitis
III. Liver cirrhosis
IV. Acute Kidney Infection
A. II, IV
B. I, III
C. III, IV
D. II only
II only
Acid-fast staining of a smear prepared from a digested sputum showed slender, slightly
curved. beaded’ red mycobacterial rods. Growth on Middlebrook 7H10 slants produced
buff-colored microcolonies with a serpentive pattern after 14 days at 37°C. Niacin and
nitrate reduction tests were positive. What is the most probable presumptive identification?
a. Mycobacterium avium complex
b. Mycobacterhun kansasii
c. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
d. Mycobacterium ulcerans
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
A mixture of slender gram-negative rods and coccobacilli with rounded ends was
recovered from blood cultures following a patient’s root canal surgery. Given the following
results after 48 hours, what is the most likely organism?
Catalase = Neg Ornithine decarboxylase = purple
Urease = orange Lysine decarboxylase = purple
Oxidase = blue X factor: with growth
Indole = colorless ring
Carbohydrates = red
Colonial Morphology
Growth on blood and chocolate agar = with pitting of agar
Growth on MacConkey agar = colorless
A. Cardiobacterium hominis
B. Proteus species
C. Actinobacillus species
D. Eikenella corrodens
Eikenella corrodens
Which is the best rapid test to differentiate Plesiomonas shigelloides from a Shigella
species on selective enteric agar?
a. TSI
b. Urease
c. Indole
d. Oxidase
Oxidase
Which of the following Mycobacterium species would be most likely to grow on a
MacConkey Agar Plate?
a. M avium-intracellulare complex
b. M. ulcerans
c. M.marinum
d. M. chelonae-fortuitum complex
M. chelonae-fortuitum complex
Culture Media
Middlebrook 7H10
serum albumin
Culture Media
Petragnani
egg based
Culture Media
American Thoracic Society
egg based
Four blood cultures were taken over a 24-hour period from a 17-year-old female with severe
diarrhea. The cultures grew motile gram-negative rods at room temperature. Urine obtained
by catheterization also showed gram-negative rods, 100,000 col/ml Given the results
below, which is the most likely organism.
TSI = A/A Indole= red ring VP = yellow MR= red
H2S = no blackening Citrate = green Urea = orange
Phenylalanine deaminase = colorless
Lysine decarboxylase = purple
A. Proteus vulgaris
B. Yersinia enterocolitica
C. Salmonella typhi
D. Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
1st Statement: Nocardiosis acquired by air droplets; 2nd Statement: Nocardiosis acquired
through direct contact.
a. 1st Statement is true, 2nd Statement is true
b. 2nd Statement is false, 1st Statement is true
c. Neither Statements are correct
d. 1st Statement is false, 2nd Statement is true
1st Statement is true, 2nd Statement is true
Two blood cultures taken from a 75-year-old HIV patient receiving anti-viral treatment and
admitted with a severe pneumonia grew lactose negative, motile, gram-negative rods.
Given the following biochemical reactions, which is the most likely organism?
VP: colorless Indole: red ring Methyl Red: red
Citrate: green Urease: magenta H2S: with blackening
Phenylalanine deaminase: green Lysine Deaminase: burgundy
A. Salmonella paratyphi A
B. Proteus vulgaris
C. Edwarsiella tarda
D. Arizonae species
Proteus vulgaris
Which of the Enterobacteriaceae are known to cause diarrhea and are considered enteric
pathogens?
a. Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii
b. Yersinia pestis, Shigella sonnei, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella paratyphi
d. Enterobacter aerogenes, Morganella morganii, Klebsiella oxytoca
Yersinia pestis, Shigella sonnei, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
A halophilic, gram-negative curved rod is isolated on TCBS agar from a stool specimen.
The organism is lactose negative, lysine decarboxylase and oxidase positive. The organism
isolated is:
a. Vibrio parahaemolyticus
b. Aeromonas hydrophilia
c. Shigella dysenteriae
d. Escherichia coli
e. Salmonella typhi
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Mycobacterium spp. that has a bird’s nest appearance in corn meal agar
Mycobacterium xenopi
True or False
M. fortuitum chelonae, M.xenopi, and M.triviale all has growth in 3 days arylsufatase activity
True
1st statement: M. avium causes disseminated infection of AIDS
2nd statement: M.genavense causes systemic bacterial infection in AIDS
a. 1st Statement is true, 2nd Statement is true
b. 2nd Statement is false, 1st Statement is true
c. Neither Statements are correct
d. 1st Statement is false, 2nd Statement is true
Neither Statements are correct
Which mycobacterium can be both photochromogen in 22C and scotochromogen in 37C
Mycobacterium szulgai
Counterstain in Hot method acid fast staining
Methylene blue
Counterstain in Cold method acid fast staining
Malachite green
Primary stain for acid fast
Carbol fuschin
Biosafety level when preparing AFB smears and culture
BSL 2
Type of leprosy that causes extensive skin lesions, progressive and permanent nerve damage which also has ineffective cell-mediated response that causes faster spread of infection
Lepromatous leprosy
Type of leprosy that causes skin lesions and loss of sensation also has and effective cell mediated response
Tuberculoid leprosy
Mycobacterium that requires hemin and hemoglobin
Mycobacterium haemophilum
Mycobacterium that causes chronic pulmonary and cervical lymphadenitis
Mycobacterium malmoense
Third most common mycobacterium also causes Buruli ulcers
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Most isolated Non tuberculosis mycobacterium
Mycobacterium avium complex
Mycobacterium that causes swimming pool granuloma also called “of the sea”
Mycobacterium marinum
1st generation treatment for tuberculosis
Pyrazinamide
Isoniazid
Rifampicin
Ethambutol
2nd generation treatment for tuberculosis
Fluoroquinolones
Aminoglycosides
Ciprofloxacin
Kanamycin
pH of mycobacterium
6.5 to 6.8
percentage of infected individuals that can progress to cavitary tuberculosis
5 to 10%
more severe type of tuberculosis, has cheese like masses in lungs and necrosis
Caseation
