Lecture 12: Replication

Question 1

Making a copy of the chromosome so the daughter cell gets the same genetic information as the parent cell.

Answer 1

Replication

Question 2

Making an RNA copy of a gene so a protein can be made.

Answer 2

Transcription

Question 3

Making a protein using the instructions on the mRNA

Answer 3

Translation

Question 4

Which occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotes, but in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes?

Answer 4

Replication and Transcription

Question 5

Which occurs in the cytoplasm of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Answer 5

Translation

Question 6

Newly replicated DNA contains an “old” strand from the parent (conserved) and one “new” strand.

Answer 6

semiconservative

Question 7

The major enzyme involved in DNA replication.

Answer 7

DNA Pol III

Question 8

The enzyme that does some of the clean-up work

Answer 8

DNA Pol I

Question 9

What is the activity of DNA Pol I/III?

Answer 9

5’-3’ polymerase and 3’-5’ exonuclease

Question 10

What is the activity of DNA Pol I?

Answer 10

5’-3’ exonuclease activity

Question 11

Which DNA strand is made continuously?

Answer 11

leading strand

Question 12

Which DNA strand is made in pieces called Okazaki fragments?

Answer 12

Lagging strand

Question 13

Lays down an RNA primer

Answer 13

Primase

Question 14

connects Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand

Answer 14

Ligase

Question 15

All polymerase links the nucleotide to grow in the 5’-3’ direction. (includes both DNA & RNA polymerases)

Answer 15

5’ to 3’ polymerase activity

Question 16

DNA Pol I and III both have this activity, which is called the PROOFREADING activity because they use it to correct mistakes, otherwise, bacteria would have too many mutations.

Answer 16

3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

Question 17

Only DNA Pol I has this activity. It uses it to remove the RNA primer.

Answer 17

5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity

Question 18

DNA Pol’s cannot initiate the ________ of a DNA strand; They can only add nucleotides to an _________ strand.

Answer 18

synthesis; existing

Question 19

The RNA primer was laid down by primase, and DNA Pol III will extend it using deoxyribonucleoside ___________

Answer 19

triphosphate

Question 20

Primase is a special TYPE of ____ ___ used in DNA replication

Answer 20

RNA Pol

Question 21

What needs to be present to supply energy for DNA ligase to make a phosphodiester bond?

Answer 21

NAD+