LECTURE 11: MEDIVIAL CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE

Question 1

St. Benedict’s Rule

Answer 1

MONKS MUST SPEND THEIR DAY IN WORK & PRAYER

schedule talking about how monks should live their lives

-used to achieve a goal: to be in the world, but not of it

Question 2

The Crusades

Answer 2

1. 1095 - 1291
2. Series of military expeditions in which western european christians sought to seize Jerusalem from Muslim control

Question 3

Monasticism

Answer 3

1. Rejecting worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to religious study.
2. ‘be in the world, but not of the world’

Question 4

Cloister

Answer 4

square space in the look of the monastery

only monks have access

used for prayer/meditation

Question 5

Most common location of a cloister in a cathedral

Answer 5

against southern flank forming an architectural barrier

• no distractions

Question 6

Monolithic Column

Answer 6

Large column whose shaft is made of a single piece of stone

Question 7

Clerestory

Answer 7

window above eye level to admit light

Question 8

Pilgrimage

Answer 8

Journey done for a religious motive

Pilgrimages to churches housing relics were encouraged as an act of piety and devotion

Question 9

Romanesque

Answer 9

-‘in the manner of the Romans’

Monasticism + Feudalism (stone vaults, rounded arches, thick walls, small windows - little natural light - lots of candles

Question 10

Gothic

Answer 10

Vertical proportions, pointed arches, asymmetry, external buttressing

-shows power

stained glass —> luminosity

More windows

Question 11

Flying Buttress

Answer 11

inclined bar forming an arch with the wall it supports

Question 12

Rose Window

Answer 12

circular window that allowed more light into the structure

floating symbol of heaven

stained glass windows with specific patters that are only shown from inside

Question 13

Chevet

Answer 13

place where reliquaries are stored

Question 14

Plan of St. Gall

Answer 14

1. 9th century
2. Switzerland
3. ideal plan of future monasteries
4. drawn on leather and animal hide
5. 3 zonesa. caring for animals, places and residences for people, school and cemetery

b. cloister in center

Question 15

St. Denis Cathedral

Answer 15

1. Abbot Suger introduced rose windows
2. 1140 - 1160
3. early gothic style

[flying buttress, chevet overlooking chapels, pointed arches with ribbed vaults, soaring nave and high verticality to move gaze towards heavens- rose windows]

Question 16

Chartres Cathedral

Answer 16

1. c.1200
2. early gothic architecture
3. pilgrimage site
4. gained more poularity after it burned down because the tunic survived [it had the cloth virgin mary used during the birth of christ.]

Question 17

Saint Benedict

Answer 17

c. 480 - 547

Question 18

Abbot Suger

Answer 18

1181 - 1151