LECTURE 10: BYZANTIUM

Question 1

Hagia Sophia

Answer 1

1. 540-560 BCE
2. Comissioned by Justinian
3. Built with Masonry Construction
4. a center of religious, political, and artistic life for Byzantine

Question 2

Barrel Vault

Answer 2

Tunnel/ wagon vault formed by construction of a curve like structure on roof at a given distance

Question 3

Spolia

Answer 3

Using parts of older buildings in new buildings.

• eg: corinthian columns in pagan basilica

Question 4

Icon

Answer 4

Portable pictures of sacred objects/ people

Question 5

Liminal Space/surface

Answer 5

Space created that gives you a feeling of transmission from one place to another

-eg: airports, hotel corridors

Question 6

Roman Basilica as a model for Christian Churches

Answer 6

1. Wanted to use space and symbolism
2. Giving a sense of security and authority while exhibiting a religious purpose

Question 7

Emperor Constantine

Answer 7

1. 324 - 337 CE
2. Consecrated old Greek city (byzantium) into new rome [324 CE] and later named it constantinople after himself [330 CE]

Question 8

Virgin of Vladmir

Answer 8

1. c.1131
2. Tempera and gold panel
3. Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
4. Conveys deep affection between mother and child
5. Mother’s sorrow shows her foreknowledge on Jesus’ suffering and death

Question 9

Roman Basilica

Answer 9

1. Stone rubble walls
2. small windows
3. dark interior- lamps used
4. wooden roof
5. lavish interiors
6. represents imperial splendor
7. Forum + atrium + altar + transcept

Question 10

Christianity legalized in Roman Empire

Answer 10

313

Question 11

inside of saint’s shrine would be adorned with images

Answer 11

c.480-500

Question 12

icon painting

Answer 12

• common in 9th - 10th century
• 11th century - became widespread in Byzantine

Question 13

“Pictures are not to be placed in churches, so that they do not become
objects of worship and adoration”

Answer 13

Meeting of Bishops c. 305

Question 14

“opposed . . . to our religion”
.

Answer 14

Bishop Epiphanis of Salamis wrote to Bishop of Jerusalem how he went against another bishop and tore image

c. 394