Lecture 11: Fruit Morphology Flashcards
Ripened ovary together with the seeds within that ovary
Fruit
Provides protection to ovules
ovary wall
Formed from a flower with one carpel, or multiple carpels fused together so that it looks like one ; ovary wall ripens into an independent fruit
Simple fruit
fruit formed from ripened ovaries present in one flower with numerous simple carpels; ripened ovary from that 1 flower coalesce into one larger unit
Aggregate fruit (ex raspberries)
develops from the ripened ovaries from a cluster of flowers that are close together
Multiple fruit (ex pineapple)
If dry + the seeds are separate from the pericarp, the fruit is called
dehiscent
If dry + the seed is retained within the pericarp its called
indehiscent
3 simple fruits with a FLESHY pericarp
Drupe
Berry
Herperidium
stone fruit; derived from a single carpel + contains usually one seed. The exocarp is a thin skin, the mesocarp may be fleshy, and the endocarp is hard
Drupe (ex peach)
Simple fruit from a flower with a superior ovary with a fleshy pericarp and many seeds
Berry (ex tomato, grape)
Like a berry, but with numerous fused carpels instead of one. Each section of the reps 1 carpel. The carpels are packed with fluid-filled vesicles that are actually specialized trichomes. Carpels surrounded by tough, leathery exocarp that contains oil glands in pits.
Hesperidium (ex orange)
2 simple fruits with DRY pericarp, DEHISCENT
Legume
Capsule
Dry fruit made up of a single, folded carpel; multiseeded
Legume (ex peas)
Made of several fused carpels
Capsule (ex poppy)
3 Simple fruits with DRY pericarp, INDEHISCENT
Caryopsis
achene
Nut
