Lecture 10: Flower Morphology

Question 1

the piece of stem between receptacle and branch

Answer 1

Pedicel

Question 2

the four nodes of modified stem to which the sepals, petals, stamens and carpels, all of which are modified leaves, are attached

Answer 2

recepticle

Question 3

first whorl of modified leaves in the flower. May range from leaf-like to petal-like.

Answer 3

Sepals

Question 4

second whorl of modified leaves in the flower. May attract pollinators on the basis of taste, smell or sight.

Answer 4

Petals

Question 5

the arrangement of sepals, petals, etc at their nodes.

Answer 5

Whorls

Question 6

the collective term for the sepals

Answer 6

Calyx

Question 7

collective term for petals

Answer 7

Corolla

Question 8

collective term for calyx and corolla

Answer 8

Perianth

Question 9

both calyx and corolla present

Answer 9

Complete flower

Question 10

modified leaves in the third flower whorl that support and produce the male gametophyte

Answer 10

Stamen

Question 11

collective term for stamens

Answer 11

Androecium

Question 12

part of the stamen: the stalk holding up the anther

Answer 12

filament

Question 13

part of the stamen: the chambers at the top of the filament where meiosis occurs and pollen is formed

Answer 13

Anther

Question 14

the pollen, or more specifically, the two cells inside the pollen.

Answer 14

Microgametophyte

Question 15

the haploid male gamete

Answer 15

Sperm

Question 16

collective term for carpels (pistils)

Answer 16

Gynoecium

Question 17

innermost whorl of modified leaves in a flower. Multiple carpels are typically fused together into a pistil.

Answer 17

Carpels

Question 18

• archaic name for carpel. Flower structure that supports and produces the female gametophyte

Answer 18

Pistil

Question 19

base of the pistil containing ovule(s)

Answer 19

Ovary

Question 20

neck of the pistil through which pollen tube grows

Answer 20

Style

Question 21

tip of the pistil on which pollen lands and germinates

Answer 21

Stigma

Question 22

Chamber in the ovary

Answer 22

Locule

Question 23

female gametophyte made up of eight cells.

Answer 23

Megagametophyte -

Question 24

the female gamete, on of the eight cells in the female gametophyte.

Answer 24

egg

Question 25

flowers have flower parts attached above the ovary

Answer 25

epigynous

Question 26

inferior ovary

Answer 26

see epigynous

Question 27

flowers have flower parts attached around the ovary roughly midway between the point of attachment on the recepticle and the base of the style

Answer 27

perigynous

Question 28

flowers have flower parts attached below the ovary

Answer 28

hypogynous

Question 29

Superior ovary

Answer 29

see hypogynous

Question 30

stamens and pistil(s) in same flower

Answer 30

Perfect

Question 31

Bisexual

Answer 31

see perfect

Question 32

Hermaphroditic

Answer 32

see perfect

Question 33

own sperm fertilizes own egg

Answer 33

Self-pollination

Question 34

pollen is shed and stigma is receptive before the perfect flower opens…a method of enforcing self-pollination.

Answer 34

Cleistogamy

Question 35

pollen shed before stigma receptive. Enforces outcrossing.

Answer 35

Protandry

Question 36

stigma receptive before pollen shed. Enforces outcrossing.

Answer 36

Protogyny

Question 37

biochemical reaction that either prevents germination of own pollen on own stigma, or slows growth of own pollen tube in own style.

Answer 37

Self incompatibility

Question 38

(imperfect male) flowers

Answer 38

staminate

Question 39

(imperfect female) flowers

Answer 39

pistillate

Question 40

staminate and pistillate flowers on same plant. Monoecious imperfect plants are like corn…separate male and female flowers on the same plant.

Answer 40

Monoecious

Question 41

plants with either pistillate or staminate flowers

Answer 41

dioecious