lecture 11 Emotional disorders Flashcards

1
Q

When becomes anxiety a problem

A

The fear is irrational considering the situation
The individual knows that the anxiety is out of proportion
The anxiety disturbs daily functioning and is reason for concern

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2
Q

benoem een aantal anxiety diagnoses

A
specific phobia
agoraphobia
social phobias
panic
ptss
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3
Q

daly

A

disability adjusted life years

The amount of ‘health loss’ in a population caused by illness, disability, or early death (concept developed by WHO and Worldbank)
It is about the years you live with reduced quality of life
A Daly is 1 year of ‘healthy’ life lost to illness, disability or early death.

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4
Q

disease burden of mental disorders

A

13% of total disease burden (DALY’s) 1/3 of all quality of life loss Worldwide stats:
Depression ranked 2nd, after HIV/AIDS Depression: 150 million (at each point in time) 1 million suicides a year
90 million addictions

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5
Q

diathesis stress model

A

Diathesis: Predisposition or vulnerability to a disorder
Stress: The occurrence of some severe environmental or life event
Both diathesis and stress are necessary for a disorder to develop.

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6
Q

5 RISK FACTORS FOR DEVELOPING DISORDERS

A
  • Stressful environmental or life events - Temperamental and personality traits - Neurobiological factors
  • Cognitive processes and biases
  • Genetic make-up
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7
Q

wat zijn cognitieve biases als gevolg van emotionele disorders

A

deze mensen zijn geneigd om gevoeliger te zijn voor dreigende en negatieve info. Deze nemen ze sneller waren en ontwijken het.

  • ze beoordelen en interpreteren situaties negatiever
  • ze onthouden negatieve gebeurtenissen makkelijker en beter
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8
Q

BECK’s cognitive model

A

Schema: representatie van eerdere informatie en ervaring in het brein.
critical life event: kan tot dysfunctional schemas leiden (negatieve ideen over zelf, de wereld en de toekomst; een leven vol depressie.
processing of information zal congruent zijn met het schema.
Het idee is dat dysfunctionele schemas je kwetsbaar maken in je psysiologie, emotie en coping strategieen in gedrag.

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9
Q
common thinking errors:
-	arbitrary inference: 
•	selective abstraction:
•	magnification and minimization: 
•	over-generalization: 
•	personalisation: 
•	dichotomic thinking:
A
  • arbitrary inference: conclusie zonder bewijs
  • selective abstraction: focus op enkel aspect
  • magnification and minimization: enlarge or reduce important events
  • over-generalization: apply conclusion on all situations
  • personalisation: relate external events to the self
  • dichotomic thinking: all or not thinking
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10
Q

focus van therapieen:

interpersoonlijk:
problem solving
family system
psychodynamic
cognitive behavioral therapie
A

focus van therapieën

  • interpersoonlijk: lost interpersoonlijke problemen op.
  • problem solving door leren probleem op te lossen met verhoogde internal locus of control
  • family and system therapies restoren de balans in het familie systeem
  • psychodynamic therapie (freudstyl)
  • cognitive behavioral therapie: Beck model. Hier leer je mensen dat de manier waarop ze denken EEN manier is van denken maar niet de enige. CBT: veranderd brainstructure: veranderd geen connecties in brein maar maakt nieuwe paden;
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11
Q

non-specifieke universele effecten van therapie

A

Therapeutic relationship
The setting
Rationale for understanding the problems Expectations of the patient
The background of the therapist influences what is considered as universal factors

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12
Q

vormen van exposure (based on classical conditioning)

  • Exposure in vivo:
  • Imaginary exposure:
  • Introceptive exposure:
  • Virtual reality exposure:
  • Flooding:
A

Examples:
• Exposure in vivo: in real life
• Imaginary exposure: thinking of situations
• Introceptive exposure: exposure to physical symptoms
• Virtual reality exposure: exposure in a virtual world
• Flooding: exposure to a high intensity of exposure

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13
Q

wat is de beste manier om anxiety te behandelen?

A

CBT met CT en exposure als hoofdcomponenten

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