Lecture 11

Question 1

Antigen –

Answer 1

– any foreign substance that
binds specifically to an antibody or T
cell receptor(recognition )

Question 2

Epitope

Answer 2

– portion of the antigen that
is recognized by an antibody or T cell
receptor

Question 3

• Immunogen

Answer 3

– a substance capable of eliciting an immune

response

Question 4

• Hapten

Answer 4

• a small molecule that, when combined with a
  larger carrier such as a protein, can elicit the production of
  antibodies that bind specifically to it

Question 5

Antigen Factors in Immunogenicity

Answer 5

• Foreignness
• Molecular Size(>100000)
• Chemical composition
• Adjuvant

Question 6

Adjuvant

Answer 6

• Generally, increase persistence of antigen and innate response

Question 7

innate Arm

Answer 7

• Non specific
• this a the immediate reactions
• phagocytic cells
• antimicrobial peptides

Question 8

Acquired (adaptive) arm

Answer 8

• Develops in response to infection
• Several days
• Diversity
• self/non-self recognition
• immunological memory

Question 9

which compartments participate in the immune system

Answer 9

-Blood stream
-The mononuclear
phagocyte or
reticuloendothelial
system
▪The lymphatic system

Question 10

Myeloid progenitors

Answer 10

granulocyte, macrophage,

monocyte, erythroid, megakaryocyte, eosinophil, basophil

Question 11

Lymphoid progenitors

Answer 11

lymphocytes

Question 12

Mononuclear Phagocyte System

Reticuloendothelial System

Answer 12

▪Network of connective tissue
fibers and cells surrounding
organs
-Inhabited by phagocytic cells –

Question 13

Primary Lymphoid tissues and organs

Answer 13

Bone Marrow (B cells) and
thymus gland (T cells)

Question 14

Secondary lymphoid tissues and organs

Answer 14

Spleen, adenoids, tonsils,
appendix, lymph nodes,
Peyer’s patches and MALT

Question 15

What is the thymus responsible for

Answer 15

-T cell development and maturation

Question 16

Where do I find immature thymocytes

Answer 16

the cortex of the thymus

Question 17

Where do I find immunocompetent T cells

Answer 17

The medulla of the thymus

Question 18

Lymph node cortex

Answer 18

✓B cells mainly production of plasma cells and memory cells
✓Primary follicle: un-activated
lymphoid follicle
✓Secondary follicle: activated

Question 19

Lymph node paracortex

Answer 19

✓T cells, dendritic cells (APCs)
✓Activation of T cells
✓Interaction of T and B cells

Question 20

Lymph node medulla

Answer 20

✓Plasma cells secreting

antibody and macrophages

Question 21

Germinal center

Answer 21

area of activated B
cells that will proliferate, go through
somatic hypermutation and class
switch

Question 22

Functions of the spleen

Answer 22

• Filter blood
• Activation of lymphocytes from blood
borne pathogen

Question 23

Red pulp

Answer 23

Remove old or defective

erythrocytes and platelets

Question 24

White pulp

Answer 24

-The periarteriolar lymphoid
sheet (PALS) with T-cells
- Follicles with B lymphocytes

Question 25

▪Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT)

Answer 25

Organized areas along digestive, respiratory, and

urogenital tracts

Question 26

where can you find Bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)

Answer 26

-Tonsils, adenoids

Question 27

Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT)

Answer 27

-Appendix, Peyer’s patches

Question 28

Pathogens are directly transferred across mucosa by __________

Answer 28

Microfold cells (or M cells)