lecture 10 notes

Question 1

calcium in blood is for

Answer 1

muscle and nerve action and blood clotting

Question 2

daily requirements of calcium

Answer 2

1,000 to 1,300 mg
best if 500 mg at a time

Question 3

blood levels of calcium

Answer 3

8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL

Question 4

teens and pregnant ladies need more

Answer 4

calcium

Question 5

what is needed for calcuim absorption

Answer 5

vitamin D

Question 6

what causes less calcium to be absorbed

Answer 6

renal failure

Question 7

PTH

Answer 7

increased blood level = resorption from bone

Question 8

calcitonin

Answer 8

decreased blood level = sends to bone “tone it down”

Question 9

deficiency

Answer 9

osteoporosis
tetany
chvosteks sign (face twitching when tapped)
trousseaus sign (hand spasms w BP cuff inflated)
dysrhythmias

Question 10

phosphorus functions

Answer 10

bone formation
acid base balance

Question 11

nl blood pH

Answer 11

7.34 to 7.45

Question 12

limit phosphorus when

Answer 12

renal failure

Question 13

sources of P

Answer 13

dark soda, lean meat, milk, fish, eggs

Question 14

phosphorus relation to calcium

Answer 14

inverse

Question 15

functions of electrolytes

Answer 15

maintain BP
acid base balance
electrical impulses for muscle contraction

Question 15

in renal failure since calcium is low what would phosphorus be

Answer 15

high

Question 16

hyponatremia

Answer 16

sodium is lost with vomiting and BG suction
- muscle cramping and twitch
- confusion
- fluid can shift into brain cells and cause seizures w ICP

Question 16

Na blood levels

Answer 16

135-145 mEq/L

Question 17

sodium recs

Answer 17

less than 1,500-2,300 mg/day (2.3g)

Question 18

who should limit Sodium

Answer 18

HTN
heart disease
over 51 years
african american
chronic kidney disease
DM

Question 19

low sodium diet purpose

Answer 19

increased water excretion used for HTN, HF, renal, and liver failure

Question 20

foods permitted on low sodium diet

Answer 20

• skim or low fat dairy products
• fresh or dried fruits and veggies
• unsalted snacks
• baked/grilled lean meats

Question 21

potassium functions

Answer 21

heart muscle contraction
improves PB and HTN (opposite of sodium)

Question 22

what does aldosterone do to potassium

Answer 22

decreases it through excretion

Question 23

foods high in potassium

Answer 23

tomatoes
lima beans
potatoes
milk
oranges
tuna
pork
green leafy