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Genitourinary MBCHB2 > Lecture 10: Male and Female parts > Flashcards

Lecture 10: Male and Female parts Flashcards

1
Q

What are the potential spaces created in males and females by the peritoneum in the pelvis?

A

Males:
- Vesicorectal pouch

Females:
- Vesicouterine pouch and rectouterine pouch

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2
Q

What are the erectile tissues in females?

A

Crus of clitoris
- Becomes corpus cavernosum (2x)
- Contribute to body of clitorus
Bulb of vestibule
- Contributes to glans clitoris and surround vaginal orifice

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3
Q

What are the erectile tissues in males?

A

Crus of penis
- Corpus cavernosum x2

Bulb of penis
- Becomes corpus spongiosum of pens and glans penis

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4
Q

Describe the perineal musculature and their functions:

A
  • Ischiocavernosus
  • > Attached along ischiopubic rami
  • > Aids erections (M)/Tense vagina (F)
  • Bulbospongiosus
  • > Attached post. to perineal body
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5
Q

Whats the bulbospongiosus variation in males/females:

A

Males: Attatched in midline raphe
Females: Divided either side of vaginal orifice

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6
Q

Whats the bulbospongiosus variation of function in males/females?

A

Males: Erection and ejaculation
Females: Clitoral erection and feelings of orgasm

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7
Q

Where do all vessels of the penis originate from?

A

All branches of Internal Pudendal (artery/vein)

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8
Q

What are the vessels of the penis?

A
  • x2 Dorsal arteries (Accompanies dorsal nerves (from pudendal n.) BELOW DEEP FASCIA OF PENIS
  • x1 Deep dorsal vein
  • x2 Deep arteries (Inside corpora cavernosa)

and superficial dorsal veins of penis

NB equivilents in females but much smaller with shorter courses

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9
Q

Describe the structure of the testis:

A
  • Tough fibrous outer capsule (tunica albuginea)
  • Seminiferous tubules wind into lobules (1-3 per lobule) which opens into rete testis
  • Efferent ductules connect rete to epididymis
  • Epididymis stores sperm (3 degrees cooler, optimal)
  • Epididymis becomes vas deferens
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10
Q

Describe the vas deferens and its anatomical connnections:

A
  • Muscular tube
  • Travels in spermatic cord
  • Joins duct from seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct
  • Ejaculatory duct into prostate to join urethra
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11
Q

Describe the course of the vas deferens:

A
  • Enters body cavity lateral to inferior gastric art (from spermatic cord)
  • Crosses over external iliac vessels, passing medially towards prostate
  • Passes over the top of the ureter to join seminal vesicles (and form ejaculatory duct)
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12
Q

What are the seminal vesicles? and where are they located?

A
  • Secrete liquid component of semen, fructose
  • Posterior to bladder and superior to prostate
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13
Q

Where is the prostate, what does it contain and what does it do?

A
  • Inferior to bladder
  • Contains prostatic urethra and ejaculatory duct
  • Adds proteolytic enzymes and acid phosphatase to semen
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14
Q

What vessels supply the prostate?

A
  • Supplied by branches of internal iliac art.
  • Veins -> Deep dorsal of penis - plexus - Internal iliac vein
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15
Q

What sort of tissue is the prostate and how can it be divided?

A

Prostatic tissue: Alveoli lined with columnar glandular epithelium (Embedded in thick muscular stroma)

Zones:

  • Peripheral (majority of gland)
  • Central (around ejaculatory ducts)
  • Transitional (around urethra and mostly respondible for benign prostate hyperplasia)
  • Anterior (non-glandular)
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16
Q

What are the three main effects of prostatic enlargement?

A
  • Slow stream
  • Incomplete urination and feeling of not being empty (pushes into bladder and creates pockets)
  • Potential incontinence
17
Q

What terms describe the angle of the uterus?

A

Anteversion
Anteflexion

18
Q

What are the ligaments of the uterus?

A 
Broad ligament (vessels, nerves, lymphatics) 
Round ligament
19
Q

What are the ligaments of the cervix?

A

Uterosacral (sacrocervical)
Transverese cervical
Pubocervical

20
Q

What are the ligaments of the ovaries?

A 
Ovarian ligament (Uterus-ovary) 
Suspensory ligament of the ovary (ovarian vessels)
21
Q

What are the vessels and nerves of the ovaries?

A 
Ovarian artery (abd. aorta L2) 
Ovarian vein (IVC on right, left renal vein on left) 
Nerve = Ovarian plexus
22
Q

What is the vestibule of the vulva?

A
  • Enclosed by labia minora
  • Contains: urethral opening, vagina and greater vestibular glands
23
Q

What is DHT syndrome?

A

Lack of 5alpha reductase function: under-virulised male external genitalia

24
Q

What is a vulvar cyst?

A

Blockage that leads to inflammation

  • can become infected
  • not STD
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Genitourinary MBCHB2 (26 decks)

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