Lecture 10 Lipid Basics Flashcards
phospholipid, ____, and _____ make up the surface of a lipoprotein
free cholesterol, proteins
lipoprotein core is made of ____ and _____
cholesterol esters and triglycerides
____ releases free fatty acids from lipoproteins and chylomicrons
lipoprotein lipase
lipoproteins:
____ is secreted by the liver and delivers TGs to peripheral tissue.
VLDL;
TG depleted source = IDL
lipoproteins:
____ is secreted by the liver and intestine and transports cholesterol from the periphery to the liver. this process is called ____
HDL, reverse cholesterol transport
lipoproteins:
____ deliver dietary TG’s to the peripheral tissues and liver. it is secreted by ____ cells
chylomicrons;
intestinal epithelial
lipoproteins:
LDL delivers ____ to the peripheral tissues and is the main transporter in the blood
cholesterol
apoliproteins: A1
produced in liver/intestine
which liporoteins have this? What does it do?
HDL, chylomicrons;
mediates reverse cholesterol tranpsort (activates LCAT)
apolipoproteins:
Apo B100 is produced where?
what is it found on ?
what does it do?
liver;
VLDL, IDL, LDL;
binds LDL receptor
apolipoproteins:
____ is found only in chylomicrons and is produced in the small intestine. what does it do?
ApoB48;
mediates chylomicron secretion
Apolipoproteins:
ApoE is found on what lipoproteins?
What does it do?
Produced in liver and intestine
all except LDL;
mediates chylomicron remnant uptake according to FA
his notes say reverse cholesterol transport with HDL
ApoCII is found on what lipoproteins?
What is its function?
chylomicrons, VLDL, HDL; LPL cofactor (ie binds LPL and activates it) according to FA
what lipoprotein is involved in the exogenous pathway of lipid metabolism?
chylomicrons
after cleavage by LPL, what are the 3 options for a free fatty acid?
deposit in adipose tissue; be used by skeletal or cardiac muscle; return to liver
what enzyme catylyzes esterifcation of cholesterol?
LCAT
what does CETP do?
mediates transfer of cholesterol esters to other lipoproteins
what is the major source of cholesterol in the body?
de novo synthesis in the liver
rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis?
HMG CoA reductase
what lipoprotein ratio is key to assessing risk of coronary vascular disease? what is the ratio?
total cholesterol : HDL cholesterol;
values over 4.5 are concerning
cholesterol levels that are considered high: total = LDL = HDL = TG =
greater than... 240 160 60 200
hyperTGemia (greater than 1000 mg/dL) can cause xanthomas, increased risk of CHD, and _____
pancreatitis
hyperlipoproteinemia can cause ____, premature CAD, and stroke
atherosclerosis
what lipoprotein is specifically associated with atherosclerosis? what form is it in?
oxidized LDL
what receptors do MQs take up LDL with? what are these cells called after taking up LDL?
scavenger receptors;
foamy MQs
