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GMC > Lecture 10- DNA & RNA > Flashcards

Lecture 10- DNA & RNA Flashcards

1
Q

Griffith’s transforming principle

A

DNA (not proteins) can transform the properties of cells
Shows chemical nature of genes

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2
Q

Evidence for DNA structure

A

X-ray diffraction-DNA is helical with repeated units
Chargaff’s laws- total pyrimidines = total purines

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3
Q

Pyrimidines

A

Single ring structure
Cytosine
Thymine

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4
Q

Purines

A

Doine nitrogenous ring structure
Adenine
Guanine

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5
Q

Bonds between cytosine and guanine

A

3 hydrogen bonds

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6
Q

Bonds between adenine and thymine

A

2 hydrogen bonds

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7
Q

Pentose sugar in DNA

A

Deoxyribose

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8
Q

Pentose sugar in RNA

A

Ribose

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9
Q

Nucleoside

A

Sugar + base

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10
Q

Nucleotide

A

Sugar + base + phosphate

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11
Q

Features of 3’ and 5’ prime ends

A

3’ hydroxyl end- free hydroxyl group
5’ phosphate end- free phosphate group not involved in forming bond with another nucleotide

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12
Q

Space filling model

A

Phosphodiester backbone (sugars linked by phosphate groups)
Bases stacked in planar arrangement running through central of DNA
DNA is a right handed helix

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13
Q

B form of DNA

A

Standard form of DNA
Large major groove
Narrow minor groove

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14
Q

A form of DNA

A

Similar to B but squashed down form
Smaller distance between bases
Larger helix diameter

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15
Q

Z form of DNA

A

Left handed help that zig zags rather than coils
Found in vitro
Narrow diameter

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16
Q

the DNA double helix can denature and …. depending on temperature

A

Renature

17
Q

Structure of RNA

A

Single stranded molecule
Contain uracil not thymine
Ribose sugar

18
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger RNA- copied from DNA and used to make protein

19
Q

rRNA

A

Ribosomal RNA
Functional RNA component of ribosome

20
Q

tRNA

A

Transfer RNA
Involved in process of translation
Brings amino acids to ribosome during translation

21
Q

Structure of tRNA

A

Single stranded but folds up on itself to form 3d structures
Base pairing between part of the molecule forms stem and loop structures

GMC (25 decks)

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