Lecture 10

Question 1

For Alpha receptors state location cellular response agonist antagonist

Answer 1

Alpha receptors;

• widely spread but mostly in CNS, brains stem
• cellular response involves in activation of G subunit of GPCR decreasing cAMP and increase K conductance physiology changes included reduced insulin secretion, inhibition of presynaptic neutrotransmitter release, and reducing the sympathetic CNS outflow
• agnostis; Xylazine (muscle relaxer, sedition), detomident, medetominde
• antagonist; atipamezole, tolazoline, yohime

Question 2

What are alpha and beat receptors used for

Answer 2

alpha and beta receptors are used as antidepressants involved in anxiety involved in regulation of pain

Question 3

For Dopaminergic receptors discuss effects of increasing levels what stimulation causes location

Answer 3

Dopaminergic receptors

• targeting the increase level of dopamine this will effect the alpha and beta receptors
• stimulation of these receptors causes vasodilation, increase in blood flow in the these cells; renal, mesenteric, coronary, cerebral it will also increase the HR and myocardial contractility via beta receptors you can induce vasoconstriction via alpha receptors at high doses this will help with heart failure from shit kidneys
• located in the CNS

Question 4

Explain the following effects for the heart

Answer 4

get photo

Question 5

Explain the following effects for the blood vessel and endothelium

Answer 5

get photo

Question 6

Explain the following effect for the lungs

Answer 6

get photo

Answer 7

Question 8

List the different effects of sympathomimetics

Answer 8

Sympathomimetics (adrenergic/adrenomimetric)

drigs stimulate the effects of E and NE

• direct actign alpha and Beta receptors agonist eg. xylazine
• indrect acting (release endogenous catecholamines) eg. tyramine, PPA (phenylpropanolamine) used to help old lady dogs pee because they have issues with controlling their bladders because of the spincters to you are stimualting the sympathetic system, stimulate the alpha 1 receptors, if you block those receptors you will help animals which can’t pee
• Mixed recpetor agnostis and release of catecholamines e.g ephedrine

Question 9

Discuss Sympatholytics

Answer 9

-Sympatholytics (adrenergic blocking)

these drigs inhibt the effects of sympathomimetics and respone cause by stimualtion of adrenergic neurons/receptors

blocks alpha 1 (alpha 1 stimulates smooth msucle contractions)

block the receptros you get a drop in blood pressure

there is a blockage of alpha or beat receptors eg. tolazoline

neuronal blcoking effects by depleting endogenous catecholimes (reserpine) and inhibt release of norepinephrine (bretylium)

any drug which ends with ol or le will always be a blocker of alpha or beta

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

A dehdrayed dgo becomes severyly hypotensice after ad phenooxybenzamine (alpha 1 receptor blocker), why is the ad of epinephrine stricly contradiction in this patient?

Answer 11

Don’t use einephrine for and when you have an alpha 1 drug on board and if hypotension this will cause blood pressure to decrease if its already low and if all the alpha 1 receptors are taken from the drug and so the drug will go to work of thebeta recpertos and this will cause vasodilation cause a drop in blood pressure