Lecture 10

Question 1

Permafrost

Answer 1

Soil/ rock that has been below 0 C for more than 2 years

Question 2

Talik

Answer 2

Thawed Permafrost

Question 3

Porosity

Answer 3

Percent of rock/soil that is open space(pores)

Question 4

Permeability

Answer 4

Measure of how easily a solid allows fluid to pass through it

Question 5

Continuous permafrost

Answer 5

Thick unbroken layer, even under small lakes, formed during last glacial period

Question 6

Discontinuous permafrost

Answer 6

Contains pockets of unfrozen ground, absent under lakes, thinner and younger (formed last few thousand years)

Question 7

Sporadic permafrost

Answer 7

small areas of frozen ground

Question 8

Conduction

Answer 8

Energy through solid body, material doesn’t move

Question 9

Convection

Answer 9

Energy through fluid body, material moves and carries heat. Ex: boiling water, hot water rises cold water sinks

Question 10

Radiation

Answer 10

Energy between points that do not require material

Question 11

Permafrost landscape features

Answer 11

Ice wedges and patterned ground, Thermokarst lakes