Lecture 10/11 -> Musculoskeletal Variation from birth - 5 years of Age Flashcards
Wolff’s Law
Internal structure and external shape of bone conforms to changes of applied loads
Name 3 types of loads (mechanical forces)
- Longitudinal (compression or tension)
- Shear (Torsion)
- Symmetrical or Asymmetrical
What 2 places can loads (mechanical forces) be found
- Prenatally
- Postnatally
Congenital Plagiocephaly
Deformation of skull caused by craniosynostosis (coronal suture fuses) prenatally resulted in head deformities, increased pressure, seizures, and developmental delays
List 2 reasons why an infants skull is malleable
- Birth
- Brain growth
T or F: Congenital plagiocephaly is genetic
T
What can happen as a result of intrauterine packing
Causes abnormal joint formation
Other name for clubfoot
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus
What are 3 key deformations of clubfoot
- Forefront is adducted
- Midfoot is calvus
- Hindfoot is equinus and varus
What are 3 treatments for clubfoot
- Surgical
- Casting
- Physiotherapy
What type of casting and bracing is used to treat clubfoot
Serial casting to slowly cause a positional change followed by an orthotic brace to prevent deformity
**May also need an Achilles tendon release
What is the main difference observed from gravitational effects on pre-term vs full-term babies
Less physiological flexion and more longitudinal posture found in pre-term babies vs full-term
Positional Plagiocephaly
Infant is consistently placed in a position that results in a change/flattening of their skull
How do you treat positional plagiocephaly
Wear a helmet for 23 out of 24 hours a day
Describe the 5 stages of lower extremity alignment during development **Hint at 16 years old it is different for males and females
