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CMB2001 > lecture 1 recap > Flashcards

lecture 1 recap Flashcards

1
Q

what is gene expression

A

the process by which information in genes (DNA) is decoded into protein

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2
Q

what is T in mRNA `

A

U

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3
Q

what on the RNA pol binds to the DNA promoter

A

sigma 70

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4
Q

when is the sigma factor released

A

once RNA pol has gained access to the template

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5
Q

what type of enzyme is RNA polymerase

A

holoenzyme

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6
Q

what does the promoter dictate

A

where transcription starts and how effective it is

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7
Q

are points upstream of transcription start site given a negative or positive number

A

negative

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8
Q

eukaryotic promoter elements have

A

TATA box and initiator

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9
Q

where is TATA box located

A

-31 to -26

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10
Q

where is the initiator located

A

-2 to +4

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11
Q

what are CpG islands

A

regions with high frequency of CG sequences

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12
Q

what happens if c regions in CpG island are methylated

A

the gene is switched off

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13
Q

what are UAS (Upstream activator site/ enhancer)

A

activator binding sited that increase transcription

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14
Q

what are URS (upstream repression sites/ silencer)

A

repressor binding sites that prevents transcription

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15
Q

what are the general transcription factors

A

TFIIA, B, D, E, F, H

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16
Q

what do the general TFs form a complex with

A

TATA box

17
Q

what does this binding recruit

A

RNA pol II to the promoter

18
Q

which general TF binds to the TATA box

A

TFIID

19
Q

what TFs does this allow to join

A

TFIIA and B

20
Q

what does TFIIA do

A

stabilises TFIID and has anti repression function

21
Q

what does TFIIB signal the recruitment of

A

RNA pol II

22
Q

what general TF does RNA pol II bring with it

A

TFIIF

23
Q

what does TFIIF do

A

stimulates elongation and destabilises non specific RNA pol II - DNA interactions

24
Q

what are the last two TFs to join

A

TFIIE which recruits TFIIH

25
Q

which TF has helicase activity and separates the template strand at start site

A

TFIIH

26
Q

which TF does RNA pol II move down the template with

A

TFIIF

27
Q

what two parts can TFIIH be divided into

A

CORE and CAK

28
Q

CAK contains kinase that phosphorylates what

A

CTD of RNA pol II

29
Q

TFIID is made up of

A

TATA binding domain (TBP) and TVP associated factors (TAFs)

30
Q

TBP sits on the DNA and brings what to the DNA

A

the TAFs

CMB2001 (21 decks)

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