Lecture 1 part 4

Question 1

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)

Boundaries between sub-therapeutic,therapeutic and toxic drug concentrations are not absolute

Factors that cause variability in (Cp) and pharmacologic response:

Individual ability to _________ and eliminate drug (genetics)

Drug _________ variability

Disease state

Physiologic states ( extremes of ________, obesity)

Drug interactions

Answer 1

metabolize

absorption

age

Question 2

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)

Clinical PK applied to TDM for very potent drugs (those with a ___________ therapeutic range)

TDM: the use of plasma drug concentration data to develop safe and effective drug regimens

IF performed properly, the achievement of therapeutic concentrations of a drug will be more rapidly and safely than with the empiric dose changes

TDM along with the observation of clinical effects: the safest approach to optimal drug therapy

Drugs frequently monitored: aminoglycosides, anticonvulsants, and those used in cancer chemotherapy

Answer 2

narrow

Question 3

Process of making drug dosing decisions

A diagnosis is made, A drug is selected,Dosage schedule is designed to reach a target plasma concentration, Drug is administered,Patient assessments are performed,Drug concentrations are determined,A PK model applied and clinical judgment is used

Question 4

MTC: Minimum Toxic Concentration

Question 5

MEC: Minimum Effective Concentration; barely produce an effect

Question 6

_________: reflects the minimum concentration of drug needed at the receptor to produce the desired pharmacological effect

Answer 6

MEC

Question 7

MTC: The concentration needed to just barely produce a toxic effect

Question 8

With Iv bolus injection there is an immediate onset of action

Question 9

With IV infusion there is a steady state concentration

Question 10

PK is the science of the kinetics of ADME, whereas ______________considers the applications of PK to drug therapy

Answer 10

clinical PK

Question 11

The quantitative measurement of drug concentrations in the plasma is important to obtain relevant data of systemic _____________

Answer 11

drug exposure

Question 12

The plasma drug concentration versus time profile provides:
The basic data from which various PK models can be developed that predict the time course of drug action, or adverse response

Enables the development of individualized therapeutic dosage regimens