Lecture 1 - Intro to the Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Outline the anatomy of the heart
from your DR sessions
4 Chambers - Left Atrium, flows to Left Ventricle
Right Atrium flows to the Right Ventricle
there are right and left coronary arteries - they supply oxygenated blood to the heart - we are either right of left (more common) dominant - this determines whether right or left coronary artery will supply the posterior of the heart
left coronary artery splits into 2 -
Left anterior descending (LAD) - down to the apex
circumflex branch of the left coronary artery - supplies the posterior of the heart
Right coronary artery splits into 2 -
marginal branch of R coronary artery - down the anterior
posterior interventricular branch of coronary artery - main branch - supplies posterior
right atrium is supplied with deoxygenated blood from the body via the inferior and superior Vena Cava, will enter the Right Ventricle via the tricuspid valve
blood will exit the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery via the pulmonary valve - where the blood is supplied with oxygen
oxygenated blood will enter into the left atrium via 2 superior and 2 inferior pulmonary veins
it will pass into the left ventricle (thicker walls, as it must pump blood with greater force to reach the whole body) via the mitral valve,
it will then exit into the aorta via the aortic valve, to carry oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body
Other Strucutres -
Papilliary muscle’s - these open the valves within the heart
cordinae tendinae - attach valve to walls of the heart, and attach papillary muscle to walls of the heart
Coronary Sinus - deoxygenated blood from heart drains through this to the right atrium - where the coronary veins drain into
Musculi pectinati - muscle that lines the walls o fthe heart - ridges
fossa ovalus - thin smooth disc - fused valve left from fetal state
what is the heart within in the body ?
the heart is within a pericardial sac - a tough fibrous tissue
pericardal sac has 3 layers -
fibrous pericardium - external surface
Paratetal layer of serous pericardium - serous layer on the opposite side to fibrous
visceral serous layer - pericardium on the hearts surface (epicardium)
the pericardial sac is somewhat attached to the diaphram
what are the nerves visible around the heart?
two Phrenic nerves
one on the left and one on the right
