Lecture 2 - CVS Imaging and Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

this lecture is imaging based so look over the slides, at the images

A

cool

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2
Q

what are the three layers of the arteries/ arterioles ?

A

Tunica Interna - thin layer of endothelial cells with an internal elastica lamina

Tunica Media - smooth muscle

Tunica Externa - thick elastic tissue to resist high pressures

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3
Q

what are the roles of the three artery sizes ?

A

Large - elastic for high pressure - aorta and its branches

Medium - distributing arteries - carry blood, ie to muscles

Small - arterioles - have smooth muscle for contraction on surface - they are the resistance vessels - control BP ect - more in lecture 5

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4
Q

what are the branches of the aorta ?

A

right and left Carotid arteries - supply the head, neck, brain and face

right and left subclavican arteries - supply the right and left thorax and arms respectively

brachiocephalic artery splits into right carotid and subcalvican arteries

descending aorta will supply the lower parts of the body - abdomen and limbs

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5
Q

what is the cardiac output of a 70kg man under rest

A

5L/min

upto 25 - 35L/min during exercise

CO = Heart rate * Stroke Volume

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6
Q

what organ takes a disproportional amount of blood from the heart ?

A

the kidneys - at about 22 %

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7
Q

what is the structure of the heart wall ?

A

three layers of tissue

Epicardium - serous membrane - smooth outer surface of heart - simple squamous epithelium and loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

Myocardium - middle thick layer, made of cardiac myocytes - responsible for heart contractions

Endocardium - smooth inner surface of heart chamber

followed by

Pectinate Muscles - muscular ridges in the auricles and right atrial wall

Trabeculae Carnae - muscular ridges and columns on the inside walls of the vetricles

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8
Q

role of the pericardium ?

A

allows heart to move and stretch within the cavity

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