Lecture 1 - Intro To Dermatology Flashcards
What are the key parts to a dermatological Hx?
Presenting complaint
Hx of complaint
PMHx
FHx
Social Hx
Travel Hx
Dx
Allergies
ICE
What do we need to consider with the presenting complaint for a dermatological Hx?
Nature
Site
Duration
What do we need to consider when learning about the Hx of presenting complaint?
Initial appearance
Location
Associated symptoms
Aggravating and relieving
Previous episodes
Treatments
Contact Hx
What do we need to consider with past medical Hx in dermatological history taking?
Systemic disease (SLE)
History of Atopy
History of skin cancer
History of sun burn (uses sun beds?)
What is Atopy?
Triad of eczema, hay fever and asthma
What do we need to consider with FHx in dermatological history taking?
Family Hx of:
Skin disease
Atopy
Autoimmune disease
What do we need to consider when asking about Social Hx with dermatological Hx taking?
Home situation (pets)
Smoking (worsens skin health)
Drugs and alcohol (IV drug use)
Occupation
Diet (allergens)
Cleaning products
What do we need to ask about when taking a Drug Hx for a dermatological Hx?
Prescribed drugs they take
Over the counter meds they buy
What is the pneumonic to remember what to look for in dermatological exams?
SCAM
What does SCAM stand for ini dermatological exams?
S = site and distribution (rash) , size and shape of lesion
C = colour and configuration
A = associated changes
M = morphology
What are extensules?
When the rash or lesion is on the knees or elbows
What are flexules?
When rash is in cubital fossa or popliteal fossa
What areas are lesions/rashees commmon in for eczema?
Flexules
What are some words to describe the distribution / site of a rash/lesion?
Generalised (all over body)
Widespread
Localised
Symmetrical
Flexural
Extensor
Dermatome L
What is meant by follicular distribution?
Lesions in the distribution of the hair follicles
What is meant by a Dermatome distribution?
Area of skin supplied by a single dermatotme affected
What is a photosensitive site//distribution for a lesion?
Sun exposed areas such as face, neck and back of hands affected
What is referred to as a pressure area distribution?
Sacrum
Buttocks
Ankles
Heels
What is meant by a discrete configuration for a lesion/rash?
Individual separate lesions
What is meant by a confluent configuration for a rash/legion?
Individual lesions that blend/margin into each other
What is meant by a linear configuration for a rash/legion?
In a line
What is meant by a targetoid configuration for a rash/legion?
Have 3 distinct regions/concentric circles
What is meant by erythema in terms of colour for skin lesions/rashes?
Redness which blanches on pressure
What is meant by petechiae in terms of colour for skin lesions/rashes?
Red or purple colour (bleeding into skin or mucous membrane) which doesn’t blanch on pressure
(Between 1-2mm in diameter)
What is meant by purpura in terms of colour for skin lesions/rashes?
Red or purple colour (bleeding into skin or mucous membrane) which doesn’t blanch on pressure
(Between 2-10mm in diameter)
What is the bigger lesion/rash, petichae or purpura?
Petichae small
Purpura larger
What is meant by hyperpigmented in terms of colour for skin lesions/rashes?
Increase in skin colour (darker)
What is meant by hypopigmented in terms of colour for skin lesions/rashes?
Loss of skin colour
What is vitiligo?
Autoimmune attack on melanocytes usually localised, can be symmetrical areas
Usually associated with thyroid disease and T1DM
What is meant by morphology of a skin lesion?
The structure of a skin lesion
What is a primary lesion?
What is a secondary lesion?
A primary lesion develops as a direct result of a disease
A secondary lesion is a modification of the primary lesion
What is the meaning of a Macule when describing the morphology of a primary lesion?
Flat area of altered colour (<1cm diameter)