lecture 1: intro to biology part 1

Question 1

What is biology?

Answer 1

Study of life

Question 2

What are organisms?

Answer 2

Living things

Question 3

What are the 3 major groups of organisms?

Answer 3

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

Question 4

Life is recognized by what living things… (2 elements)

Answer 4

1. are made of

2. do

Question 5

What are organisms made of? (4+1 elements)

Answer 5

1. Nucleic acids
2. Proteins
3. Carbohydrates
4. Lipids
5. Cells

Question 6

Why is the cell the “unit of life”?

Answer 6

• Smallest unit that can perform all activities required for life
• Unit of structure, function and reproduction of organisms

Question 7

What organisms are unicellular?

Answer 7

Bacteria and Archaea + some fungi and protists

Question 8

What organisms are multicellular?

Answer 8

Eukarya: animals, plants, protists, fungi

Question 9

All cells are enclosed by what?

Answer 9

A semi-permeable membrane (boundary)

Question 10

What are the differences between an eukaryotic and a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 10

Eukaryotic cell = larger and more complex

More complex ≠ More evolved

Question 11

What do organisms do? (7 elements)

Answer 11

1. Display order and complexity
2. Process energy and have a metabolism
3. Respond to their environment
4. Regulate their internal processes and environment
5. Reproduce and display heredity
6. Grow and develop
7. Evolve and display adaptations

Question 12

How do organisms process energy and for what?

Answer 12

Acquire, transform and use energy to power biological work

Question 13

What is a metabolism?

Answer 13

Variety of chemical reactions to produce molecules importatn for life.
Some reactions:
1. produce energy intermediates for a cell to use OR
2. require this energy

Question 14

What is tropism?

Answer 14

in plants, grows toward light

Question 15

What is taxis?

Answer 15

Organisms moving towards/away from stimuli (as a response)

Question 16

What is regulation?

Answer 16

Another type of response to stimuli.

Organisms regulate their processses & internal environment (involuntarily)

Question 17

What is homeostasis?

Answer 17

Maintaining constant internal environment to support life by using negative feedback mechanisms (produce changes that goes against the inital deviation)

Question 18

What is reproduction and its 2 types?

Answer 18

Organisms reproduce their own kind with similar traits, either asexually or sexually

Question 19

What are the 3 kinds of traits?

Answer 19

1. Structural chracteristics
2. Physiological chracteristics
3. Behavioral chracteristics

Question 20

What are 2 important biological concepts?

Answer 20

1. Emergent properties arise at each level

2. Structure Fits Function at all levels

Question 21

What is a molecule?

Answer 21

Chemicalstructure consisting of 2 or more small chemical units called atoms

Question 22

What are organelles?

Answer 22

“Little organs” of the cell: each has specific function within the cell

Question 23

What is an organ?

Answer 23

Body part consisting of two or more issues: carries out a specific function as part or an organ system

Question 24

What are organisms?

Answer 24

Individual living things

Question 25

What is a population?

Answer 25

All of the individuals of individuals of a species within a particular area

Question 26

What is a community?

Answer 26

Entire set of populations inhabiting a particular area

Question 27

What are ecosystems?

Answer 27

Consist of all of the living + non-living things in a particular area

Question 28

What is the biosphere?

Answer 28

Environments on earth inhabited by life; all of the earth’s ecosystems

Question 29

Emergent properties result from what?

Answer 29

From the arrangement and interaction of components within a system

Question 30

What are the 10 levels of structure in life?

Answer 30

1. Cell
2. Atom
3. Molecule
4. Tissue
5. Organ
6. Individual
7. Population
8. Community
9. Ecosystem
10. Biosphere