Lecture 1: Global Food Security

Question 1

of 8 billion people, ________ adults are obese, _________ underweight

Answer 1

1.9 billion, 462 million

Question 2

Global hunger index

Answer 2

calculated each year by the International Food Policy Research Institute to determine percentages of people who are hungry

Question 3

3 indicators used to calculate global hunger index

Answer 3

proportion who are food-energy deficient
prevalence of children under 5 who are underweight
child under 5 mortality rates

Question 4

hidden hunger

Answer 4

micronutrient deficiency

Question 5

clinical signs of hidden hunger

Answer 5

night blindness in preschool children and pregnant women
low levels of serum retinol in preschool children
anemia in preschool children and pregnant women
goiter

Question 6

how many people worldwide in 2014 suffered from hidden hunger

Answer 6

2 billion people

Question 7

what became a priority tissue for WHO

Answer 7

hidden hunger

Question 8

how is WHO trying to solve hidden hunger

Answer 8

national nutritional programs
meals in school
global food distribution and pricing

Question 9

what does hidden hunger cause

Answer 9

child death
negative affect on child health and survival (weakened immune system)
stunting
prevent children from reaching physical/intellectual potential
babies born with brain damage
death of women in childbirth (from severe anemia)

Question 10

are men or women more affected by hidden hunger

Answer 10

women

Question 11

what is food security

Answer 11

when all people at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life

Question 12

4 pillars of food security

Answer 12

availability, access, utilization, stability

Question 13

how is GHI score calculated

Answer 13

averaging the percentage of the population that is undernourished, the percentage of kids younger than 5 who are underweight, and the percentage of children who die before 5

Question 14

what is the level of hunger in the world?

Answer 14

serious

Question 15

Global food security index

Answer 15

constructed by the Economist Intelligence Unit and is sponsored by DuPoint.
Is the annual measure of the state of global food security

Question 16

3 categories looked at in the global food security index

Answer 16

affordability
availability
quality and safety

Question 17

Affordability category (Global food security index)

Answer 17

looks at capacity of country’s people to pay for food and costs they may face during both normal and stressed circumstances

Question 18

Availability category (Global food security index)

Answer 18

factors that influence the supply of food and the ease of access to food

Question 19

Quality and Safety category (Global food security index)

Answer 19

Nutritional quality of average diets, and food safety environment in each country

Question 20

how is the Food Security Risk Index assessed

Answer 20

calculated using 12 indicators measuring the availability, access, and stability of food supplies, as well as the nutritional and health status of populations

Question 21

Chronic food insecurity

Answer 21

occurs when people are unable to meet their minimum food requirements over a sustained period of time

Question 22

transitory food insecurity

Answer 22

occurs when there is a sudden drop in the ability to produce or access enough food to maintain a good nutritional status

Question 23

seasonal food insecurity

Answer 23

occurs when there is a cyclical pattern of inadequate availability and access to food

Question 24

undernourishment

Answer 24

a state, lasting for at least one year, of inability to acquire enough food, defined as a level of food intake insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements

Question 25

undernutrition

Answer 25

the outcome of undernourishment, and poor absorption/biological use of nutrients consumed as a result of repeated infectious disease

Question 26

malnutrition

Answer 26

an abnormal physiological condition caused by inadequate, unbalanced or excessive consumption of macronutrients and/or micronutrients

Question 27

stunting

Answer 27

low height for age, reflecting a past episode or episodes of sustained under-nutrition

Question 28

wasting

Answer 28

low weight for height, generally the result of weight loss associated with a recent period of starvation or disease

Question 29

body mass index

Answer 29

the ratio of weight-for-height measured as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters

Question 30

underweight

Answer 30

low weight for children or adults

Question 31

overweight and obesity

Answer 31

body weight that is above normal for height as a result of an excessive accumulation of fat

Question 32

Minimum dietary energy requirement in a specific age/category

Answer 32

the minimum amount of dietary energy per person that is considered adequate to meet the energy needs at a minimum acceptable BMI of an individual engaged in low physical activity

Question 33

Minimum dietary energy requirement in an entire population

Answer 33

the minimum energy requirement is the weighted average of the minimum energy requirements of the different age/sex groups. It is expressed as kilocalories per person per day

Question 34

what does the depth of the food deficit indicate

Answer 34

how many calories would be needed to lift the undernourished from their status, everything else being constant

Question 35

What does the prevalence of food inadequacy measure

Answer 35

the percentage of the population at risk of not covering the food requirements associated with particular levels of physical activity