Lecture 1: Formation of Soils from Parent Materials Flashcards
Lacustrine
Transported parent materials that were deposited in lakes
Alluvial (fluvial)
Transported parent materials that were deposited by streams
Marine
Transported parent materials that were deposited in oceans
Colluvial
Transported parent materials by gravity
Till, moraine
Transported parent materials that were deposited by ice
Outwash, Lacustrine, Alluvial, Marine
Transported parent materials that were deposited by water
Eolian
Transported parent materials that were deposited by wind
Regolith
Rotten rock
Ecosystem services provided by soils?
-Hosts biodiversity and microorganisms
-Major reservoir and filter for water
-Produces food, feed, fiber, biofuel, and medicinal products
-Recycling of nutrients and storage of carbon
Causes of soil degradation and loss?
Pollution, urbanization, overgrazing, erosion, salinization
5 “State Factors” to make a soil (Cl-O-R-P-T)
CLimate
Organisms
Relief
Parent Material
Time
CLimate (CLORPT)
mainly precipitation and temperature
Organisms (CLORPT)
biota (eg. native vegetation, microbes, soil animals, and humans)
Relief (CLORPT)
slope, aspect, and landscape position
Parent material (CLORPT)
geological or organic precursors to soil
