Lecture 1 diversity Flashcards
what is a fish (4)
has an aquatic habitat
has a cranium
use gills
have fins
agnatha (4)
hagfish and lampreys
name means without jaws
lack paired fins
cartilaginous skeleton
Myxini (species and 4 traits)
-hagfish
-predators and scavenges
-non-functional eyes
-sensory barbals around head
-lack vertebrae
Cephalaspidomorphi (species and 4 traits)
-Lampreys
-spawn in freshwater
-larval stage hidden in bottom mud/detritus
-adults - oral suctorial disc with keratinous teeth
-parasitic and non-parasitic forms
gnathostoma meaning and 3 classes
jawed mouth
Class Chondrichthyes
Class sarcoptergii
Class actinopterygii (which includes the teleosts)
Chondrichthyes (3)
“cartilage fish”
skeleton without bone
mostly marine
Sarcoptergii (3)
“fleshy finned”
includes tetrapods
coelacanth and lungfish
actinopterygii (3)
“ray finned”
includes: teleosts
mostly made of bone
chondrichthyes bone (3)
Chondrichthyes can have calcified tissue (teeth) but it’s not considered bone
Bones are cellular (made of osteoblasts and osteoclasts)
chondrichthyes have calcified tissues but not the cellular components required to classify it as bone
Chondrichthyes subclasses (2 classes 4 points each)
Subclass Holocephali
- chimeras
-notochord persistent
-fleshy opercular covers gills
-lack gas bladder or cloaca
subclass elasmobranchii
-sharks and rays
- cartilage may be calcified
-no opercular
-no gas bladder BUT cloaca present
actinopterygii subclasses (2)
Subclass Chondrostei
-includes sturgeons and paddlefishes
-strong visible asymmetry in caudal fin (heterocercal)
Subclass Neopterygii
-Bowfins, gars, and division teleostei
-respiratory air bladder
division teleosti (3)
Teleostei defined by the skeletal structure of caudal fin (esp. bones supporting of the lower lobe)
caudal fin usually appears symmetrical externally
highly diverse grouping
different dimensions of the environment (4)
fresh / salt water (physiochemical)
benthic - pelagic (habitat)
tropical-temperate-arctic (temperature)
predator/prey (trophic level)
