Lecture 1 Creativity Innovation And Change

Question 1

What does creativity refer to?

Answer 1

Generating original ideas or concepts.

Includes inventive thinking like the idea of a bagless vacuum cleaner.

Question 2

How is innovation defined?

Answer 2

The application of creative ideas to produce tangible, practical solutions or products.

Question 3

What is the relationship between creativity and innovation?

Answer 3

Creativity is the seed of an idea, while innovation is the process of turning that idea into reality.

Question 4

List the six distinct resources that converge to support creativity according to Sternberg and Lubart.

Answer 4

• Intellectual abilities
• Knowledge
• Style of thinking
• Personality
• Motivation
• Environment

Question 5

True or False: Innovation is the process of applying or implementing something new and useful.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What is the difference between invention and innovation?

Answer 6

Invention is the creation of a ‘thing’ or ‘ability’ for the first time; innovation uses that invention to create impact.

Question 7

Fill in the blank: Invention does not become innovation until it has processed through _______.

Answer 7

[production and marketing tasks]

Question 8

What are the types of innovations?

Answer 8

• Product innovations
• Process innovations
• Position innovations
• Paradigm innovations

Question 9

What is design thinking?

Answer 9

A human-centered approach to innovation that puts the observation and discovery of human needs at the forefront.

Question 10

What are examples of product innovations?

Answer 10

Changes in the function or feature of a product, such as incorporating a music player or an app within a mobile phone.

Question 11

What are process innovations?

Answer 11

Innovations such as self-service checkouts or online seat reservation systems.

Question 12

What are position innovations?

Answer 12

Changes in the target market or customer base for a product or service.

Question 13

What are paradigm innovations?

Answer 13

Changes in how a whole company presents what it does.

Question 14

What are potential sources of innovation?

Answer 14

• Accidents and the unexpected
• Market pull and external pressures
• Knowledge push and internal pressures
• Regulation change
• Co-creation

Question 15

How can accidents and unexpected events drive innovation?

Answer 15

Some innovations happen by chance, such as biometric scanners developed for security after unexpected events.

Question 16

What is co-creation in the context of innovation?

Answer 16

Collaboration between companies and customers to shape products based on customer input.

Question 17

What is open innovation?

Answer 17

The view that useful knowledge is widely distributed and organizations must identify and draw upon external knowledge as a core process.

Question 18

What role does human resource management play in innovation?

Answer 18

Ensures recruitment
identifies innovative people
and invests in training and development.

Question 19

What organizational structure supports innovation?

Answer 19

A structure with extensive horizontal communication, team-based working, and broadly-defined roles.

Question 20

What are characteristics of innovative organizations?

Answer 20

• Respect and positive encouragement for creativity
• Willingness to tolerate mistakes
• Value for open debate and criticism of ideas
• Open systems approach

Question 21

Fill in the blank: A culture that discourages ideas will soon stop people _______.

Answer 21

[innovating]

Question 22

What does the 1000-100-10-rule describe?

Answer 22

The process of developing ideas into a product: 1000 ideas, 100 feasible, 10 concepts, 1 product.