Lecture 1 - Cells Flashcards
What is a cell?
Basic unit of life
What are the two major type of cells in all living organisms?
Prokaryotic e.g. bacteria and Eukaryotic cells e.g animals and plants
What do prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells have in common
A plasma membrane, cytoplasm and DNA
What is the Plasma Membrane?
Surrounds and delineates the cell. Outer surface regulates entrance and exit of molecules
What is the cytoplasm
Semi fluid portion inside the cell that contains organelles
What is the role of cytoskeleton?
Maintains cell shape and assists movement of cell parts
What is the centrosome?
an organelle near the nucleus of a cell which contains the centrioles (in animal cells) and from which the spindle fibres develop in cell division.
What is a lysosome?
Vesicle that digests macromolecule and even cell parts
What is a vesicle?
Fluid filled sac that stores and transports substances
What is the structure and function of Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
Lacks ribosomes and synthesizes lipid molecules
Structure and function of rough ER
Studded with ribosomes, processes proteins
What is the function of a ribosome
Site of protein synthesis
What is the Mitochondrion?
Organelle that carries out cellular respiration which produces ATP molecules
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Processes and packages proteins and secretes modified cell products
What is the polyribosome
String or ribosomes simultaneously synthesizing the same protein
