Lecture 1: Cell Physiology Flashcards
The first cells had to solve a set of physiological problems. What were they?
Capture and storage of energy, transport of solutes into and out of the cell, maintenance of ion balance, maintenance of osmotic balance and sensing of the environment
Explain Gibbs Free Energy.
It is a measure of the maximum available work that can be derived from any system under conditions of constant temperature and pressure. Negative delta G results in spontaneous rxns.
What are two ways to generate metabolic energy in the form of ATP? Explain how the electron transport chain is utilized in one of the answer choices.
Respiration and fermentation. Respiration involves using ion gradients to produce ATP. The electron transport chain pumps protons out of cells to build a gradient, which is a way to convert ADP into ATP.
What is lateral gene transfer and how is it important?
lgt is the transfer of genetic innovations between two main lineages. Helped prokaryotic progeny have K+ channels which
How did diffusion and the presence of a leaky membrane influence ion concentrations? Why would having a leaky membrane be bad in terms of internal calcium concentration?
The first cells had a leaky membrane which contributed to a high membrane permeability. Cells had to come up with a method to retain solutes which was increasing the number of transporters.
