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BIOL21291 > Lecture 1 - Anatomical basics > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Anatomical basics Flashcards

1
Q

Mid-sagittal/median plane

A

Vertical plane passing through the centre of the body (midline) that cuts it longitudinally into right and left halves

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2
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Arbitrary vertical plane passing through the body parallel to the midline, slicing it longitudinally into right and left parts - not in the middle

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3
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

Vertical plane at right angle to the sagittal plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

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4
Q

Transverse (axial) plane

A

Horizontal plane at right angles to the sagittal and frontal planes, slicing the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions. The obtained cuts are transverse or axial views.

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5
Q

Anterior

A

In front of or front

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6
Q

Posterior

A

In behind of or behind

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7
Q

Ventral

A

Towards the front of the body

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8
Q

Dorsal

A

Towards the back of the body

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9
Q

Distal

A

Away or farthest away from the trunk or the point of origin of the body part

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10
Q

Proximal

A

Closer or towards the trunk or the point of origin of the body part

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11
Q

Median

A

Midline of the bod

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12
Q

Medial

A

Towards the median

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13
Q

Lateral

A

Away from median

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14
Q

Superior

A

Towards the top of the head

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15
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the feet

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16
Q

Cranial

A

Towards the head

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17
Q

Caudal

A

Towards the tail

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18
Q

External

A

Towards the surface, superficial

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19
Q

Internal

A

Away from the surface, deep

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20
Q

Superficial

A

Nearer to the surface

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21
Q

Deep

A

Farther from the surface

22
Q

Palmar

A

Anterior hand or palm of hand (palmar)

23
Q

Dorsal (of hand)

A

Posterior surface of hand (dorsum)

24
Q

Plantar

A

Inferior surface of foot (sole)

25
Q

Dorsal (of foot)

A

Superior surface of foot (dorsum)

26
Q

Flexion

A

Decreasing the angle between two structures

27
Q

Extension

A

Increasing the angle between two structures

28
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Flexion of the plantar (underside) part of the foot

29
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Flexion of the dorsum (top) part of the foot

30
Q

Abduction

A

Moving away from the midline

31
Q

Adduction

A

Moving towards the midline

32
Q

Protrusion

A

Moving straight ahead or forwards (tongue, mandible)

33
Q

Retrusion

A

Moving backwards (tongue, mandible)

34
Q

Protraction

A

Moving forwards and laterally simultaneously

35
Q

Retraction

A

Moving backwards and medially simultaneously

36
Q

Depression

A

Moving downwards

37
Q

Elevation

A

Moving upwards

38
Q

Medial (internal) rotation

A

Spiral movement (of a limb usually) towards the midline

39
Q

Lateral (external) rotation

A

Spiral movement (of a limb usually) away from the midline

40
Q

Rotation (trunk)

A

Twisting motion towards or away from the midline (left or right)

41
Q

Flexion (trunk)

A

Side (lateral flexion) or forward (anterior flexion) bending

42
Q

Extension (trunk)

A

Bending backwards

43
Q

Pronation

A

Medial rotation of the radius, resulting in the palm of the hand facing posteriorly (if in anatomical position) or inferiorly (if elbow is flexed)

44
Q

Supination

A

Lateral rotation of the radius, resulting in the palm of the hand facing anteriorly (if in anatomical position) or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)

45
Q

Circumduction

A

Combined movement starting with flexion, then abduction, extension, and ending with adduction

46
Q

Deviation

A

Movement of the wrist joint towards the radial or ulnar sides (radial deviation, ulnar deviation)

47
Q

Opposition

A

Touching the pad of any one of your fingers with the thumb of the same hand

48
Q

Reposition

A

Separating the pad of any of your fingers from the thumb of the same hand

49
Q

Inversion

A

Plantar side of the foot is rotated towards the median plane

50
Q

Eversion

A

Plantar side of the foot is rotated away from the median plane

BIOL21291 (13 decks)

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