Lecture 1 Flashcards
prokaryotes characteristics vs eukaryotic
smaller
simpler (no organelles)
biochemically conserved
mainly proteins, RNA, lipid, saccharide, DNA
what domains are microorganisms a part of
all 3 domains but primarily prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea)
dominant life form
prokaryotes
why are prokaryotes so dominant
- fast growth rate doubling adapt/evolve fast- antimicrobial resistance
- been around a long time colonised every environment
- extreme metabolic diversity huge biochemical potential
what do prokaryotes need to grow
carbon source
energy source
reducing power
how do they harvest energy
ATP
catabolism energy generation
anabolism energy consumption
growth of prokaryotics stages
1 lag
2 exponential
3 stationary
4 death
lag phase
depends on history of inoculum
time required to get biosynthetic reactions running
exponential phase
actively dividing no limit
doubling in constant time under ideal conditions
2 factors limiting growth
essential nutrients used up stop growth
waste product accumulates and inhibits growth
stationary phase
cells stop growing
cryptic growth
cryptic growth
organisms consume lysed dead cell constituents
not static, dynamic population
death phase
cells die
persisters
insensitive to penicillin- in a dormant state
non dividing phase
insulin only kills bacteria when dividing
contradictions of microbial behavior ACTUALLY….
can be big
have complex internal structures organelles
have multicellular behavior e.g release spores, motility
swarming- social motility
motility of bacteria
A engines slime ribbons push secretion
S engine pili pull by disassembly
