Lecture 1

Question 1

John locke

Answer 1

1632-1704; english doctor and enlightenment philosopher who used reason to think about government

Question 2

what did enlightenment philosophers emphasize?

Answer 2

human reason over simple acceptance of tradition

Question 3

Locke’s theoretical state of nature

Answer 3

in the State of nature, people are free and equal;

the state of nature is governed by natural law which says DO NO HARM

Question 4

age of enlightenment

Answer 4

lasted from the late 1600s to the late 1700s

Question 5

who has the right to enforce natural law?

Answer 5

everyone

Question 6

the state of nature is ______

Answer 6

unsafe; unsecure

Question 7

according to Locke, the solution to the state of nature is ____

Answer 7

government

Question 8

in a democratic gov. people trade some of their liberty for what??

Answer 8

security

Question 9

FED essay #2

Answer 9

you trade your right to enforce natural law;

you accept the will of the majority, even if you disagree

Question 10

your remaining freedoms are _______

Answer 10

safer and more secure

Question 11

after 9/11 the NSA conducted_______

Answer 11

warrantless electronic surveillance of suspected terrorists

Question 12

who did john locke and other enlightenment philosophers heavily influence?

Answer 12

American founders

Question 13

The Declaration of independence asserts that

Answer 13

people are inherently free and equal and that good government comes by consent

Question 14

“there is no word that admits of more various signification…..than that of liberty”

Answer 14

montesquieu

Question 15

there are different visions of freedom and equality

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

negative freedom

Answer 16

government absence; freedom “from” interference

Question 17

positive freedom

Answer 17

requires government aid i.e. (freedom “to” free healthcare)

Question 18

equality “before the law”

Answer 18

the government treats everyone the same

Question 19

equality of “opportunity”

Answer 19

the government helps certain disadvantaged groups

“a little boost from the gov”

Question 20

the founders first attempted a national government through

Answer 20

the articles of confederation

Question 21

the articles were a “league of friendship” between sovereign and independence states
TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

there was no president or supreme court but there was a _____

Answer 22

congress

Question 23

what was each state responsible for?

Answer 23

contributing taxes and troops upon request; but the national government had no power to enforce its requests

Question 24

under the articles, the national government was not strong enough to fend off foreign powers TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

under the articles the national government was also threatened by what?

Answer 25

domestic unrest;
poor farmers were desperate for relief from debt and high taxes;
many states had financial difficulties paying off war debts;

Question 26

from the articles of confederation to

Answer 26

a more energetic government

Question 27

patrick henry

Answer 27

was a vocal Anti federalist

“Give me liberty or give me death!”

Question 28

constitutional convention in philadelphia

Answer 28

1787; held by founders; GOAL: to replace the articles of confederation

Question 29

James madison

Answer 29

“father of the constitution” was one of the delagates from virginia; small man with a mighty intellect

Question 30

the new constitution sought to balance the trade off between

Answer 30

liberty and security

Question 31

three unique features of the U.S. constitution

Answer 31

1. republican form
2. separation of powers
3. federalism

Question 32

our government is representative

Answer 32

• constitution established a republic or indirect democracy
• people choose who will make decisions rather than make decisions directly
• direct democracy is not practical for a large country