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Dentistry > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

monophydont animals

A

rodents, dolphins

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2
Q

diphyodont

A

humans, cats, dog, cow, horse. have deciduous and permanent teeth

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3
Q

homodont

A

same type of teeth (shark, fish reptiles)

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4
Q

heterodont

A

teeth are different shapes: human, dog, cat

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5
Q

brachydont

A

short crown and long roots

dog, cat, human

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6
Q

hypsodont

A

long crown and short roots. continually erupt

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7
Q

two types of hypsodont teeth

A

radicular(closed true roots–have apex)–horse, cow cheek teeth
aradicular (rodent incisors, rabbits)

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8
Q

isognathous

A

equal jaws. occlusal surface aligned

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9
Q

anisognathous

A

unequal haws. mandible narrower than maxilla (dog, cat, cow, horse)

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10
Q

function of incisors

A

cut, scoop up, pick up,groom

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11
Q

canine function

A

pierce, hold, slash, tear

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12
Q

premolar function

A

hold, carry grind

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13
Q

dentigerous cyst

A

condition that occurs due to abnormal embryonic tooth development

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14
Q

embryonic tooth development

A

dental lamina. off of dental lamina there are invaginations where tooth bud starts to develop from. if have a secondary tooth, it also develops off of that lamina.

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15
Q

what does the dental sac form into

A

the structures that hold the tooth/support the tooth

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16
Q

what are the three stages of embryonic tooth development

A

bud
cap
bell

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17
Q

the sac around the enamel does what as the tooth erupts?

A

it opens, becomes part of the sulcus etc?

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18
Q

what happens if the dental sac doesn’t open into the oral cavity? what is this called?

A

it forms a dentigerous cyst (fluid production in sac that grows?). not painful but destroys tissues

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19
Q

apical (term)

A

root tip

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20
Q

coronal

A

crown area

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21
Q

cervical

A

neck area

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22
Q

rostral

A

towards nose

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23
Q

caudal

A

towards back

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24
Q

clinical crown

A

what is above the gum

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25
Q

anatomical crown

A

to the bottom of the sulcus?

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26
Q

attached gingiva

A

attached to bone. very important for tooth health

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27
Q

alveolar mucosa

A

loose unattached mucosa in the mouth

28
Q

furcation

A

divisions (bi or tri)

29
Q

apical delta

A

opening at the apex of the root. animals have multiple openings at the root tip (different than people)

30
Q

pulp chamber

A

pulp in crown

31
Q

pulp canal

A

pulp in the root

32
Q

enamel features

A 
made by ameloblasts
most dense structure in the body--mostly inorganic
thickest at the cusp of the tooth
unable to regenerate
subject to wear
33
Q

attrition

A

tooth to tooth wear

34
Q

dentin features

A

formed by odontoblasts from mesenchymal/dental papilla
continually produced
dentinal tubules if open to the outside–cause pain
regenerates

35
Q

what are the three types of dentin

A

primary–pre-eruption
secondary–post-eruption, produced throughout life
tertiary/reparative–produced in response to trauma

36
Q

what are the features of tertiary/reparative dentin?

A

unorganized
dense
decreased tubules

37
Q

what are the structures in the pulp?

A

odontoblasts at edge. Root apexes with apical canals.
There may also be other pulp canals that open into tissue–e.g. in small dogs right at furcation of tooth. allows entry of bacteria more easily

38
Q

what is the pulp comprised of?

A 
blood/lymphatic vessels
nerves
fibroblasts
odontoblasts
undifferentiated mesenchymal cells--fewer stem cells as age
39
Q

why is a young dog more likely to health a damaged tooth?

A 
more pulp cavity--allows for swelling.
more mesenchymal (undifferentiated cells) to help regrow
40
Q

cementum features

A

what periodontal ligament fibers attach to
made by cementoblasts
begins at cementoenamel junction
gets thicker towards the apex of the tooth
At the neck of the tooth, cementum is acellular.
resorbed and repaired

41
Q

cementum looks similar to what other tissue in the body

A

bone

42
Q

what is hypercementosis?

A

when get extra cementum develop around the root. Can make a tooth impossible to take out completely unless take out the bone above it.

43
Q

what is ankylosis?

A

the cementum is fused to the bone. Supposed to have fibers that attach tooth to the bone, rather than direct attachment. Very difficult to remove a tooth like that

44
Q

what are periodontal ligament fibers?

A

they are fibers entrapped within cementum and alveolar bone

45
Q

alveolar bone features

A 
supportive
resorbs and repairs
also known as compact bone/cribriform plate/lamina dura (called this on x-ray)
forms socket
PDL fibers insert into it
46
Q

what should be the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar margin?

A

less than 1 mm

47
Q

periodontal ligament features

A

directed in different planes

BV, LV, nerves also present

48
Q

What are the function ofs of periodontal ligaments?

A

shock absorption
attachment
protection

49
Q

What is the most likely theory of tooth eruption?

A

as permanent tooth root forms, the permanent crown contacts the decciduous root and causes root resorption

50
Q

Why can deciduous teeth be retained?

A

the permanent tooth absent
the permanent crown does not contact deciduous root
ankylosis–deciduous tooth
hormonal

51
Q

masticatory mucosa

A

firmly attached to underlying tissues. para or keratinized SSE. most prone to stress and trauma: hard palate and attached gingiva

52
Q

linning mucosa

A

has underlying CT that supports and allows movement

53
Q

specialized mucosa

A

mouth

54
Q

two types of gingiva

A

free and attached

55
Q

when does attached gingiva get damaged?

A

in periodontal dz. can get gum recession or a pocket forming.

56
Q

What is the gingival sulcus?

A

non keratinized, junctional epithelium that attaches gingiva to tooth. 0.5-2mm in dog, 0.5mm in cat

57
Q

Frenula?

A

dogs have frenula between front teeth and two others?

58
Q

dorsal papilla

A

very sensitive, quite large, sometimes mistaken as tumor

59
Q

incisive ducts

A

pass through palatine fissures, to vomer-nasal organ

60
Q

alveolar juga

A

can feel where roots of teeth are?

61
Q

structures in the maxilla

A

caninenes, premolars, molars
alveolar juga
infraorbital foramen
lacrimal

62
Q

How are the mandibles joined?

A

by a FIBROUS JOINT (not like human)

63
Q

What is the mandibular canal?

A

a canal that runs along the bottom of the jaw. there are 3 mental foramen that are important for nerve blocks

64
Q

What is the structure of the temoromandibular joint?

A

mandibular condyle and mandibular fossa of temporal bone that is 2 compartments separated by articular disc

65
Q

What are the components of saliva?

A

serous and mucoid component

66
Q

If the zygomatic is enlarged, what can you see?

A

bulging of eye?

67
Q

In cats, what is the large “mass” in the mouth that is actually a salivary gland?

A

lingual and buccal molar–only in the cat

Dentistry (7 decks)

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