Lecture #1 Flashcards
1
Q
What is kinesiology?
A
The study of motion or human movement
2
Q
What are Biomechanics?
A
Application of mechanical physics to human motion
3
Q
What is anatomical position?
A
Standing upright
Facing straight ahead
Feet close and parallel
Palms open and facing forward
4
Q
Anterior
A
Front
5
Q
Posterior
A
Back
6
Q
Anterolateral
A
In front of and to the side
7
Q
Posteriorinferior
A
Behind and below
8
Q
Contralateral
A
On the opposite side
9
Q
Ipsilateral
A
On the same side
10
Q
Caudal
A
Below in relation to another structure
11
Q
Cephalic
A
Above in relation to another structure
12
Q
Distal
A
Situated away from the center or midline
13
Q
Proximal
A
Nearest the trunk or point of origin
14
Q
Prone
A
Laying on the stomach
15
Q
Supine
A
Laying on the back
16
Q
Ventral
A
Relating to the abdomen
17
Q
Volar
A
Relating to the palm or sole of the foot
18
Q
What movement occurs in the sagittal plane?
A
Flexion and extension
19
Q
What movement occurs in the frontal plane?
A
Abduction and adduction
20
Q
What movement occurs in the transverse plane?
A
Rotation
21
Q
What is the function of the skeleton?
A
- Protection
- Maintain posture
- Mineral storage
- Making of RBC’s
22
Q
Types of long bones?
A
Humerus
Fibula
23
Q
Types of short bones?
A
Carpals
Tarsals
24
Q
Types of flat bones?
A
Skull
Scapula
25
Types of irregular bones?
Pelvis
| Spinal vertebra
26
Types of sesamoid bones?
Patella
27
Periosteum
Fibrous connective tissue covering outer layer of bone
28
Endosteum
Fibrous inside that lines the inside of the cortex
29
What are the 3 processes that form joints?
- Condyle
- Facet
- Head
30
Abduction
Lateral movement away from the body
31
Adduction
Moving the arm medially towards the trunk
32
Flexion
Bending movement that changes the angle of the joint bringing bones close together
33
Extension
Straitening movement that changes the angle. Bones usually move apart
34
Circumduction
Combination of flexion, extension, abd and add, circular movement's
35
Diagonal adduction
Movement by a limb through a diagonal plane toward & across midline of body
36
External Rotation
Rotary movement around longitudinal axis of a bone away from midline of body
37
Eversion
Turning the sole of the foot to the outside
38
Inversion
Turning the sole of the foot to the inside
39
Dorsal flexion
Flexion movement of ankle that results in top of foot moving toward anterior tibia bone
40
Depression of the shoulders
Returning to normal position from a shoulder shrug
41
Elevation of the shoulders
shrugging the shoulders
42
Protraction of the shoulders
Forward movement of the shoulder girdle away form the spine, Abduction of the scapula
43
Palmar flexion
Flexion movement of wrist with volar or anterior side of hand moving toward anterior side of forearm
44
What is a synarthrodial joint?
An Immovable joint
| -Skull, teeth
45
What is a amphiarthroidal joint?
```
A slightly movable joint
-Ribs
Synathmosis: ligamaent between bones radis
Syncondrosis: cartilage to bone
Sysnthsis: Intervebral disks
```
46
What is a diarthrodial joint? and components?
A synovial joint that is freely moving
- Synovial fluid
- Articular cartilage
- Ligaments
- Tendons
47
What are the 6 types of diarthrodial joints?
- Arthrodial: Gliding
- Ginlymus: Hinge
- Trochoid: Pivot
- Condyloid: Knuckle
- Enarthrodial: Ball and socket
- Sellar: Saddle
48
What is a Arthrodial joint? EX
A gliding joint found in the vertebral facets, intertarsal joints
-Intercarpal joints
49
What is a ginglymus joint? EX
A hinge joint
| -Elbow, knee
50
What is a trochoid joint? EX
A pivot joint
| -Radius as it pivots on ulna
51
What is a condyloid joint? EX
A knuckle joint
| -Metacarpophalangeal
52
What is a enarthrodial joint? EX
A hip and shoulder joint (glenohumeral, and acetabulofemoral)
-Ball and socket
53
What is a sellar joint? EX
A saddle joint
| -Carpometacarpal joint in the thumb
54
What are the 3 specific types of accessory motion for movement?
- Roll
- Spin
- Glide
55
What are the 2 major muscle types?
- Parallel
| - Pennate
56
What are the 5 categories for fiber arrangement in parallel?
- Flat
- Fusiform
- Radiate
- Strap
- Circular
57
Flat muscle shape and example?
Thin and broad
| EX: Rectus abdominus
58
Fusiform muscle shape and example?
Spindle shaped that tapers to tendons
| EX: Brachialis
59
Strap muscle shape and example?
Fibers run in a long parallel mannor
| EX: Sartorius
60
Radiate Muscles shape and example?
Triangular or fanned shaped
| EX: Trapezis
61
Circular muscles Shape and example?
Endless strap muscles
| EX: Orbicularis oris
62
How are muscles named?
- Shape
- Size
- Location
- Appearance
- Function
63
What are some parts in a synovial joint?
- Articular cartilage
- Synovial fluid
- Synovial membrane
- Fibrous capsule
- Bursa
64
What is the name of the process on the proximal side of the humerus?
The greater tuberosity
65
What is the name of the process on the inferior pelvis?
The iscial tuberosity (sit bones)
66
What are 3 things you can detect with palpation?
- Heat
- Swelling
- Pain
- Tension
67
What is the name of the rough surface where the patella tendon inserts?
Tibial tuberosity
68
What type of joint is the 1st CMC?
Saddle joint
69
What type of joint is the tibialfemoral joint?
Hinge
70
Name 2 bones in the foot/ankle?
- Tallus
| - Calcanious
71
Why type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
Amphiarthrodial
