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THER 201 ANATOMY > Lecture #1 > Flashcards

Lecture #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is kinesiology?

A

The study of motion or human movement

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2
Q

What are Biomechanics?

A

Application of mechanical physics to human motion

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3
Q

What is anatomical position?

A

Standing upright
Facing straight ahead
Feet close and parallel
Palms open and facing forward

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4
Q

Anterior

A

Front

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5
Q

Posterior

A

Back

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6
Q

Anterolateral

A

In front of and to the side

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7
Q

Posteriorinferior

A

Behind and below

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8
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side

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9
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

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10
Q

Caudal

A

Below in relation to another structure

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11
Q

Cephalic

A

Above in relation to another structure

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12
Q

Distal

A

Situated away from the center or midline

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Nearest the trunk or point of origin

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14
Q

Prone

A

Laying on the stomach

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15
Q

Supine

A

Laying on the back

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16
Q

Ventral

A

Relating to the abdomen

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17
Q

Volar

A

Relating to the palm or sole of the foot

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18
Q

What movement occurs in the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion and extension

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19
Q

What movement occurs in the frontal plane?

A

Abduction and adduction

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20
Q

What movement occurs in the transverse plane?

A

Rotation

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21
Q

What is the function of the skeleton?

A
  • Protection
  • Maintain posture
  • Mineral storage
  • Making of RBC’s
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22
Q

Types of long bones?

A

Humerus

Fibula

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23
Q

Types of short bones?

A

Carpals

Tarsals

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24
Q

Types of flat bones?

A

Skull

Scapula

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25
Q

Types of irregular bones?

A

Pelvis

Spinal vertebra

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26
Q

Types of sesamoid bones?

A

Patella

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27
Q

Periosteum

A

Fibrous connective tissue covering outer layer of bone

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28
Q

Endosteum

A

Fibrous inside that lines the inside of the cortex

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29
Q

What are the 3 processes that form joints?

A
  • Condyle
  • Facet
  • Head
30
Q

Abduction

A

Lateral movement away from the body

31
Q

Adduction

A

Moving the arm medially towards the trunk

32
Q

Flexion

A

Bending movement that changes the angle of the joint bringing bones close together

33
Q

Extension

A

Straitening movement that changes the angle. Bones usually move apart

34
Q

Circumduction

A

Combination of flexion, extension, abd and add, circular movement’s

35
Q

Diagonal adduction

A

Movement by a limb through a diagonal plane toward & across midline of body

36
Q

External Rotation

A

Rotary movement around longitudinal axis of a bone away from midline of body

37
Q

Eversion

A

Turning the sole of the foot to the outside

38
Q

Inversion

A

Turning the sole of the foot to the inside

39
Q

Dorsal flexion

A

Flexion movement of ankle that results in top of foot moving toward anterior tibia bone

40
Q

Depression of the shoulders

A

Returning to normal position from a shoulder shrug

41
Q

Elevation of the shoulders

A

shrugging the shoulders

42
Q

Protraction of the shoulders

A

Forward movement of the shoulder girdle away form the spine, Abduction of the scapula

43
Q

Palmar flexion

A

Flexion movement of wrist with volar or anterior side of hand moving toward anterior side of forearm

44
Q

What is a synarthrodial joint?

A

An Immovable joint

-Skull, teeth

45
Q

What is a amphiarthroidal joint?

A 
A slightly movable joint
-Ribs
Synathmosis: ligamaent between bones radis
Syncondrosis: cartilage to bone
Sysnthsis: Intervebral disks
46
Q

What is a diarthrodial joint? and components?

A

A synovial joint that is freely moving

  • Synovial fluid
  • Articular cartilage
  • Ligaments
  • Tendons
47
Q

What are the 6 types of diarthrodial joints?

A
  • Arthrodial: Gliding
  • Ginlymus: Hinge
  • Trochoid: Pivot
  • Condyloid: Knuckle
  • Enarthrodial: Ball and socket
  • Sellar: Saddle
48
Q

What is a Arthrodial joint? EX

A

A gliding joint found in the vertebral facets, intertarsal joints
-Intercarpal joints

49
Q

What is a ginglymus joint? EX

A

A hinge joint

-Elbow, knee

50
Q

What is a trochoid joint? EX

A

A pivot joint

-Radius as it pivots on ulna

51
Q

What is a condyloid joint? EX

A

A knuckle joint

-Metacarpophalangeal

52
Q

What is a enarthrodial joint? EX

A

A hip and shoulder joint (glenohumeral, and acetabulofemoral)
-Ball and socket

53
Q

What is a sellar joint? EX

A

A saddle joint

-Carpometacarpal joint in the thumb

54
Q

What are the 3 specific types of accessory motion for movement?

A
  • Roll
  • Spin
  • Glide
55
Q

What are the 2 major muscle types?

A
  • Parallel

- Pennate

56
Q

What are the 5 categories for fiber arrangement in parallel?

A
  • Flat
  • Fusiform
  • Radiate
  • Strap
  • Circular
57
Q

Flat muscle shape and example?

A

Thin and broad

EX: Rectus abdominus

58
Q

Fusiform muscle shape and example?

A

Spindle shaped that tapers to tendons

EX: Brachialis

59
Q

Strap muscle shape and example?

A

Fibers run in a long parallel mannor

EX: Sartorius

60
Q

Radiate Muscles shape and example?

A

Triangular or fanned shaped

EX: Trapezis

61
Q

Circular muscles Shape and example?

A

Endless strap muscles

EX: Orbicularis oris

62
Q

How are muscles named?

A
  • Shape
  • Size
  • Location
  • Appearance
  • Function
63
Q

What are some parts in a synovial joint?

A
  • Articular cartilage
  • Synovial fluid
  • Synovial membrane
  • Fibrous capsule
  • Bursa
64
Q

What is the name of the process on the proximal side of the humerus?

A

The greater tuberosity

65
Q

What is the name of the process on the inferior pelvis?

A

The iscial tuberosity (sit bones)

66
Q

What are 3 things you can detect with palpation?

A
  • Heat
  • Swelling
  • Pain
  • Tension
67
Q

What is the name of the rough surface where the patella tendon inserts?

A

Tibial tuberosity

68
Q

What type of joint is the 1st CMC?

A

Saddle joint

69
Q

What type of joint is the tibialfemoral joint?

A

Hinge

70
Q

Name 2 bones in the foot/ankle?

A
  • Tallus

- Calcanious

71
Q

Why type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

A

Amphiarthrodial

THER 201 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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