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Biology 120 > Lecture 1-2b > Flashcards

Lecture 1-2b Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

A

Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and no organelles. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and many membrane bounded organelles

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2
Q

What is light microscopy

A

uses light to illuminate the specimen

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3
Q

what is electron microscopy

A

uses electrons to illuminate the specimen

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4
Q

What are the elements common to all living cells? (5)

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Chromosomes
Ribosomes
Cytoskeleton

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5
Q

3 parts of a Phospholipid

A

Phosphate
Glycerol 3 carbon sugar
Choline

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6
Q

do semi permeable plasma membranes have hydrophobic or hydrophilic barrier? and what does that mean?

A

Hydrophobic _ meaning hydrophobic molecules can penetrate the membrane easily

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7
Q

Can charged atoms get through the layer

A

nope

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8
Q

what is cytosol

A

the aqueous portion of the cytoplasm

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9
Q

what does the cytoskeleton do (3)

A

maintains cell shape and plays key role in cell devision and chromosome segregation

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10
Q

Which domains consist of prokaryotic cells (2)

A

Bacteria and Archae

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11
Q

what’s in plant cells but not animal cells? (4)

A

Chloroplasts
cell wall
central vacuole
plasmodesmata

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12
Q

what’s in animal cells but not plant cells? (3)

A

flagella
lysosomes
centrioles

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12
Q

what separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm ?

A

nuclear envelope

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13
Q

How many membranes does a nuclear envelope have?

A

2

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14
Q

what is the nucleolus responsible for

A

assembling ribosomes

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15
Q

what is chromatin (2)

A

the main content in chromosomes and DNA with a protein present

16
Q

what does a nuclear pore do (2)

A

regulates the transportation of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
communicates nucleus with the rest of the cell

17
Q

where do ribosomes carry out protein synthesis?

A

in the cytosol
and outside of ER

18
Q

Ribosomes produce what

A

protein

19
Q

what connect the elements of the endomembrane system

A

vesicles

20
Q

Components of the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells (7)

A

Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Nuclear envelope
Plasma membrane

21
Q

What are the functions of the rough ER?

A

modifications and folding of proteins

22
Q

Functions of the smooth ER? (2)

A

synthesizes lipids
detoxifies

23
Q

is the cis side or trans side of the Golgi facing the nucleus

A

cis side

24
Q

is it rough er or smooth er first

A

rough

25
Q

what’s the order of protein transport through the endomembrane system

A

nuclear envelope
rough er
smooth er
cis Golgi
trans Golgi
vesicles
vacuoles/lysosomes
plasma membrane

Biology 120 (10 decks)

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