Lecture 1

Question 0

Synthesizes ribosomes.

Answer 0

Nucleolus.

Question 1

Manufactures, stores, and ships cellular products.

Answer 1

Golgi body.

Question 2

Sites of protein synthesis.

Answer 2

Ribosomes.

Question 3

Synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids, vesicles transport.

Answer 3

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 4

Synthesis of membranes and secretory proteins.

Answer 4

Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 5

Organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division.

Answer 5

Centrioles.

Question 6

Mammalian cell cycle has these 5 stages:

Answer 6

G0, G1, S, G2, M.

Question 7

In the G0 phase, the cell is:

Answer 7

Quiescent/resting.

Question 8

In the G1 phase, the cell:

Answer 8

Is growing in size; deciding between cell division and DNA synthesis.

Question 9

During the S phase, the cell is:

Answer 9

DNA is duplicated 2n -> 4n

Question 10

During the G2 phase, the cell is:

Answer 10

Preparing for mitosis.

Question 11

The cell is responsive to extracellular mitogenic growth (such as GF and TGFβ) during what phase?

Answer 11

The G1 phase until the restriction (R) point.

Question 12

What is the R point?

Answer 12

Point in the G1 phase where cell decides if it will enter the S phase or not.

Question 13

The cell cycle is controlled by:

Answer 13

Cyclins, CDKs, CKIs, CAKs, APCs.

Question 14

Cyclins activate:

Answer 14

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Question 15

Cyclins and CDKs produce ____ when complexed.

Answer 15

Maturation-promoting factor (MPF). MPF is responsible for microtubule assembly and chromosomal remodeling.

Question 16

CDKs are inhibited by:

Answer 16

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs).

Question 17

CDKs are activated by:

Answer 17

CDK-activating kinases (CAKs).

Question 18

CKIs are important ___ ____ genes.

Answer 18

Tumor suppressor.

Question 19

The anaphase promoting complex (APC):

Answer 19

Marks target cell proteins for degradation and sends the cell from metaphase to anaphase.

Question 20

Tumors overexpress _____ and _____, and deactivate ______.

Answer 20

Cyclins; CDKs; CKIs.

Question 21

Pluripotent cells give rise to

Answer 21

Cells from all three germ layers. Ex: embryonic stem cells.

Question 22

Embryonic stem cells can cause _____ cancer if transplanted.

Answer 22

Teratoma (tumor containing tissues from many different cell types).