Clicker Questions Chapters 1-11

Question 0

The immune system will reject/not reject embryonic stem cells but will reject/will not reject adult stem cells.

Answer 0

Will reject; will not reject

Question 1

Core components of the cell cycle are controlled by

Answer 1

CDK Kinases

Question 2

What is the correct order of events in the cell cycle?

Answer 2

G1, S, G2, mitosis, cytokinesis

Question 3

Which type of cell potency is capable of forming a whole organism?

Answer 3

Totipotent

Question 4

What is the smallest organizational piece of an organism?

Answer 4

Cell

Question 5

P53 induces:

Answer 5

Growth arrest genes, regulators of apoptosis, peeling skin from sunburn, DNA repair genes

Question 6

___ carcinogens bind directly to DNA; ___ carcinogens must be biotransformed first

Answer 6

Direct; indirect

Question 7

What are the top two causes of death and mortality in the US?

Answer 7

Cardiovascular disease and cancer

Question 8

What tumor cells cannot spread via invasion?

Answer 8

Benign

Question 9

What tumor cells can spread via invasion?

Answer 9

Malignant

Question 10

What type of programmed cell death does NOT use caspases?

Answer 10

Autophagy

Question 11

Pushing a brake pedal to the floor with no effect is analogous to ____

Answer 11

A deleted tumor suppressor gene

Question 12

Hallmarks of Cancer #7, deregulating cellular energetics is about:

Answer 12

Cancer cells can reprogram genetics to favor glycolysis even under aerobic conditions

Question 13

Which behavior does not prevent cancer?

Answer 13

Eat a diet high in fat

Question 14

Which phase of the cell cycle has the most DNA?

Answer 14

G2/M

Question 15

What is a cellular gene that, when it has lost its function, can lead to increased cell growth and division?

Answer 15

Proto-oncogene

Question 16

What is the difference between proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are mutated to promote cell cycle progress?

Answer 16

Proto-oncogene needs to be activated, tumor suppressor genes need to be inactivated

Question 17

What type of RNA is the most transcribed type of RNA in complex organisms?

Answer 17

ncRNA

Question 18

If telomere shortening causes aging, then increased telomerase with longer telomeres will prevent aging? T/F

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is the gene that is mutated in Bloom syndrome?

Answer 19

BLM

Question 20

What is the type of cancer that comes from mutations in the MUTYH gene in the BER pathway?

Answer 20

Colon cancer

Question 21

What pathway recognizes cross links and bulky lesions that block DNA replication?

Answer 21

Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER)

Question 22

Which DNA repair pathway repairs double strand breaks, is error prone, and doesn’t use a template?

Answer 22

Non-homologous end-joining

Question 23

What % of cancer is treatable if detected early?

Answer 23

90%

Question 24

What stimulates DNA repair and has an anti-tumor effect?

Answer 24

Calorie restriction

Question 25

What protein complex protects telomeres and regulates telomerase?

Answer 25

Shelterin

Question 26

Which of the following statements about epigenetics is false?

Answer 26

Involves a change in DNA nucleotide sequence

Question 27

Food and food ingredients can affect epigenetics and gene expression? T/F

Answer 27

True