Lecture 1 & 2 - Hypothalamus , Pituitary

Question 1

Where is the pituitary gland found?

Answer 1

Pituitary fossa, above sphenoid sinus, has sella turcica on top bit.

Question 2

Blood supply to the pituitary

Answer 2

Superiror and inferior hypophyseal arteries , comes from internal carotid

• Superior hypophyseal –> upper capillary beds –> pars distalis
• Inferior hypophyseal –> lower capilary beds –> pars distalis
• Trabecular artery –> straight into pars distalis

Anterior pituitary - has its own arterial and venous drainage

Question 3

2 ways that hormones get to anterior pituitary

Answer 3

via portal blood vessels

Tanycytes
-Is another pathway for hormones to be released. -From third ventricle and then go to released into the capilaries in medical eminence

Question 4

Cells of Pars distalis

colour they stain and what hormones they release

Answer 4

acidophils, basophils
chromophobes

acidophils - somatotrophs (GH, lactotrophs (PRL) – orange

Basophils - goandotrophs (LH, FSH) , tyrotrophs (tsh) , corticotrops (ACTH) –> purple

Question 5

Diagram of all hormones (lecture 1) , Diagram of hypothalamus and pituitary

Answer 5

look at book

Question 6

Clinical correlations of - pregnancy, tumours of acidophils, basophil adenoma

Answer 6

pregnancy - more acidophils (prolactin)
Tumours of acidophils - acromegaly - excess GH
Basophil adenoma - crushing syndrome (exces ACTH)