Lecture 1 & 2 Flashcards
what is gestation?
period between conception (fertilization) and birth
latin for offspring
fetus
pre-natal
before birth
general term for embryonic connective tissue
mesenchyme
formation of a mature oocyte/egg from a small germ cell precursor initiated during embryonic period
oogenesis
One of two small cells produced with the ovum (oogenesis) during meiosis and then degenerates; it cannot be fertilized
polar body
back
dorsum
belly
ventral
beak or nose
rostral
tail
caudal
ploidy
number
what is a diploid cell
double the number of chromosomes found in a mature germ cell (egg or sperm)
what type of cells are human cells
diploid cells (23 pairs of chromosomes (46 chrom) and two germ chrom (XX or XY
what type of cell is an egg or sperm cell (germ cells)
haploid cells
23 chromosomes
these are haploid cells with half the number of chromosomes as the somatic cells
germ cells (egg and sperm)
development of a human begins with
fertilization
what does fertilization result in
new organism
single celled zygote
what is a zygote
diploid cell with 22 autosome and 1 sex chrom from each parent (total of 46 chrom)
does a zygote multiply
yes
when does a zygote multiple its cells
3 to 4 days post fertilization
what enters the uterine cavity
morula
zygote multiplied cells post fertilization
what implants into the uterus
blastocyst
when the cells arrange in an inner and outer cell mass and implant into the uterus
blastocyst
small haploid cell that is formed concomitantly as an egg cell during oogenesis
polar body
what does most of the placenta develop from
trophoblast
doesn’t have the ability to be fertilized and degenerates
polar body??
what are the 4 early stages of development
zygote
morula
blastocyte
baby
when female is born, all eggs are formed during the embryological period
oogenesis
process of development of germ cells (egg/sperm, all other cells in body are somatic cells)
meiosis
all other cells development process
mitosis
cannot be fertilized
degenerates - there and then goes away
polar body
total # of chrom in humans?
46
egg and sperm are
half the number (23)
female chrom makeup
XX
male chrom makeup
XY
each egg and sperm has ____ chrom each and when combined they make the total number to make a human
23
what type of cell is a germ cell
haploid
what type of cells are human cells?
diploid (23+23=46)
what is the makeup of human diploid cells?
44 somatic cells and two germ cells (XX or XY)
rapidly dividing ball of cells
blastocyst
what gives rise to all 3 germ layers
epiblast
