Lecture 1

Question 1

what do physicians use to decide what tests to order?

Answer 1

Clinical Practice Guidelines

Question 2

Most errors occur during:
a) preanalytical
b) analytical
c) postanalytical
d) a and b

Answer 2

preanalytical

Question 3

what are examples of preanalytical errors?

Answer 3

• wrong tube
• collection at wrong time
• improper label
• improper storage/transport conditions

Question 4

transudate fluid is:
a) inflammatory + secondary to another condition
b) inflammatory + due to local injury to tissue
c) noninflammatory + secondary to another condition
d) noninflammatory + due to local injury to tissue

Answer 4

c) noninflammatory + secondary to another condition

Question 5

exudate fluid is:
a) inflammatory + secondary to another condition
b) inflammatory + due to local injury to tissue
c) noninflammatory + secondary to another condition
d) noninflammatory + due to local injury to tissue

Answer 5

b) inflammatory + due to local injury to tissue

Question 6

pleural fluid comes from:
a) heart
b) lungs
c) abdomen
d) stomach

Answer 6

lungs

Question 7

pericardial fluid comes from:
a) heart
b) lungs
c) abdomen
d) stomach

Answer 7

heart

Question 8

ascites fluid comes from:
a) heart
b) lungs
c) abdomen
d) stomach

Answer 8

abdomen

Question 9

which fluid tends to be more turbid, transudate or exudate? why?

Answer 9

exudate because it has components in it such as serum, RBC, chyle, neuts+lymphs

Question 10

why would we see lower glucose in exudate?

Answer 10

if bacteria is present, it will consume the glucose

Question 11

what is the difference between a test and a method?

Answer 11

test: ordered by a physician
method: how to, SOP

Question 12

what is the analytical specificity of a method?

Answer 12

ability of an assay to determine the [] of target analyte without interference of other substances

Question 13

what is the analytical sensitivity of a method?

Answer 13

ability of an assay to detect the lowest amounts, as well as the smallest changes in []

Question 14

analytical sensitivity depends on the ____ of a method
a) accuracy
b) precision
c) specificity
d) sensitivity
e) all of the above

Answer 14

precision

Question 15

what is the specificity of a test?

Answer 15

proportion of people who are negative (neg = neg)

Question 16

what is the sensitivity of a test?

Answer 16

proportion of people who are positive (pos = pos)

Question 17

what is the reference range?
a) min and max that the analyzer can read
b) reportable range w/o having to dilute
c) where the analyzer is able to accurately detect bc it follows beers law
d) range where we expect normal people in specific group to fall within

Answer 17

d) range where we expect normal people in specific group to fall within

Question 18

what is the linear range?
a) min and max that the analyzer can read
b) reportable range w/o having to dilute
c) where the analyzer is able to accurately detect bc it follows beers law
d) range where we expect normal people in specific group to fall within

Answer 18

c) where the analyzer is able to accurately detect bc it follows beers law

Question 19

what is the analytical measurement range?
a) min and max that the analyzer can read
b) reportable range w/o having to dilute
c) where the analyzer is able to accurately detect bc it follows beers law
d) range where we expect normal people in specific group to fall within

Answer 19

b) reportable range w/o having to dilute

Question 20

what is the dynamic range?
a) min and max that the analyzer can read
b) reportable range w/o having to dilute
c) where the analyzer is able to accurately detect bc it follows beers law
d) range where we expect normal people in specific group to fall within

Answer 20

a) min and max that the analyzer can read

Question 21

what could cause interferance in a method?
a) expired reagents
b) drugs + medications
c) HIL (hemolysis, icteric, lipemic)
d) all of the above

Answer 21

all of the above

Question 22

what is analytical accuracy?

Answer 22

the closeness of your results to the true value

Question 23

what is analytical precision

Answer 23

the reproducibility/consistency of your test results