Lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of a compound different from its elements?
Sodium ( na) solid rock
Chloride ( cl) = poisonous gas
Sodium chloride = solid salt
What are some examples of naturally occurring elements?
Silver
Sulfur
Mercury
What are essential elements?
Elements that organisms need to live and reproduce
What percent of the 92 natural elements are essential elements?
20 - 25%
What are some examples of essential elements?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (make up 96% of living matter)
Potassium, calcium, phosphorus and sulfur (the remaining 4%)
What are trace elements?
What are some examples?
Trace elements are those required by an organism in minute quantities (less than 0.01% )
Boron, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, iodine and zinc
Given the makeup of the human body, what compound do you think accounts for the high percentage of oxygen?
Water
Is a trace element an essential element? Why?
Yes but only in small quantities
Because they can effect the body functions if they are presented in lower than the optimum quantities
In humans iron is a trace element required for the proper functioning of hemoglobin the molecule that carries oxygen in red blood cells, what might be the effects of an iron deficiency?
A person with Von deficiency will probably show fatigue and other effects of low oxygen level In the blood.
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
What does an atom consist of?
Positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons
What is an atom composed of?
Subatomic particles
What are the subatomic particles composed within an atom?
Neutrons ( no electrical charge)
Protons I positive charges)
Electrons (negative charges)
What does the atomic nucleus contain?
Neutrons and protons
Atomic number
The number of protons in its nucleus
Atomic mass
The total number of protons und neutrons in the nucleus of an atom