Definitions Flashcards
What is an atom?
An atom is the basic unit of matter that consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound.
What is a chemical element?
A chemical element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom, distinguished by its atomic number.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance composed of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a force of attraction that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound.
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge.
What is an organic compound?
An organic compound is a compound containing carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms, often associated with living organisms.
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
What is an ionic bond?
An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in oppositely charged ions attracting each other.
What is a hydrogen bond?
A hydrogen bond is a weak attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.
What is a solvent?
A solvent is a substance capable of dissolving other substances to form a solution.
What is a solute?
A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution.
What is a pH scale?
The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most alkaline).
What is an acid?
An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, lowering the pH.
What is a base?
A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, raising the pH.
