Lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of addictive behaviours ?
- Repetitive pattern which increases the risk of disease or personal and social problems
- Feeling of “loss of control” over the behaviour
- Include immediate gratification & delayed damaging effects
- Attempts to change the behaviour results in high relapse rates
What are the different viewpoints of addiction ?
- Viewing addiction in an either/or manner
- Viewing addiction on a spectrum; as a process of severity of use and abuse
What does DSM-5 stand for ?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What is the DSM-5 used for ?
It is a system used for diagnosing and describing mental disorders
What are substance-related & addictive disorders ?
Range of problems associated with the use & abuse of drugs that alter the way one thinks, feels & behaves
What are substance related disorder ?
Include separate classes of drugs
What are Non-substance related disorders ?
Things like gambling disorder
What does susbstance-related disorders include ?
- Substance-use disorder
- Substance-induced disorders
What is substance-use disorder ?
Problematic use of a substance
What is substance-induced disorder ?
Specific conditions resulting from use (i.e: withdrawl)
What is a substance ?
Chemical compounds that alter mood/behaviour
alcohol, nicotine, etc (example)
What is substance-use ?
The ingestion of substance in moderate amount that do not interfere with functioning
drinking with friends ( example )
What is substance intoxication ?
Physiological reaction to ingested substances
drunk or getting high (example)
What is physiological dependence ?
- Using increasingly greater amounts of the drug(s) to experience the same effect
- Experiencing a negative physical response when the substance is no longer ingested
tolerance and withdrawl
What are the withdrawl symptoms of alcohol ?
- Alcohol withdrawl delirum or DT (derilium tremens)
- Hallucinations & body tremors
- Other alcohol withdrawl symptoms: vomiting, nausea, insomnia
What are the withdrawl symptoms of cocaine ?
Anxiety, sleep changes, lack of motivation & boredom
What are the withdrawl symptoms of cannabis ?
Irritability, nervousness, apetite change & sleep disturbance
Which drug is not addictive ?
LSD
What is psychological dependence ?
Behavioural reactions to drugs
How many symptoms must be present for SUD to be mild ?
2-3 symptoms
How many symptoms must be present for SUD to be moderate ?
4-5 symptoms
How many symptoms must be present for SUD to be severe ?
6+ more symptoms
What symptoms are present under “Impaired control” oversubstance use ?
- Substance is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was originally intended
- There is persistent desire, or unsuccessful efforts, to cut down or control use
- A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the substance, use the substance or recover from its effects
- Craving, or strong desire or urge to use the substance
What symptoms are under Social Impairment ?
- Recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fullfill major role obligations at work, school, or home
- Continued use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of the substance
- Important social, occupational or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of use
What symptoms are under “Risky use” ?
- Recurrent use in situations in which it is physically hazourdous
- Use it in continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance
What symptoms are under “Pharmacological criteria” ?
- Tolerance
- Withdrawl
What is a psychological disorder ?
A psychological dysfunction within an individual that is associated with distress or impairment in functioning & a response that is not typical or culturally expected
All three elements must be present
What are individual factors ?
Personal vulnerability
* Biological or genetic predispositions
* Psychological factors (i.e: personality, attitudes, etc)
What are situational factors ?
Social enviroment (i.e: culture, family,etc)
What are structural factors ?
Nature of the substance or addictive behaviour
