Lecture #1 Flashcards
What is anatomy ?
Identification (naming and dissection)
What is physiology?
function of the body –> homeostasis
What is homeostasis?
Maintaining internal balance (steady state)
Common Vital Signs :
- Heart rate 60-80 bpm
- Respiratory rate 12-18 breathes/min
- Body temp. 96-99.2
- Blood glucose 70-110 mg/dl
Negative Feedback Loop
components:
Control Unit (regulating) >
Sensor/Effector >
Receptor ^
Negative Feedback Loop
Stimulus –> receptor –> input –> output –> response
Homeostasis is maintained by neg, feedback
ex: temp receptors - (hot from running) –> hypothalamus - (cold) –>blood vessels dilate –> cool down
Blood Glucose Negative Feedback :
BG is maintained by the pancreas (regulatiing unit) >
> ate some carbs/after eating = increase in BG levels >
> pancreas detects BG levels
> pancreas secretes insulin (decrease glucose) > insulin uptakes gluc. by cells >
> decrease BG levels
Hyperglycemia aka Type 1 Diabetes
Blood glucose @ 280-330 mg/dl
-happens when the body has too little insulin
Organization of the Body #1
- Chemical Level ( h2o, protiens, carbs, fat)
Organization of the Body #2
- Cellular Level
(cells & smallest living unit)
Organization of the body #3
- Tissue
(group of cells (2 or more) working together –> histology)
Organization of the body #4
- Major tissue
(epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous tissue)
- Organs : 2 or more tissues working together
ex: heart (muscle + nervous + connective)
Organization of the body #5
- System levels
(2 more organs working together to perform functions)
- 11 systems
ex: Cardiovascular
(cardiology –> heart + vessels –> pump blood to the body)
Bodily Systems : Cardiovascular
- Dept of Cardiology
- Made up of the heart + vessels
- Function pump blood through the body
Bodily Systems : Integumentary
- Dept of Dermatology
- Made up of skin + glands (sweat glands)
- Function is protection + temp regulation, vita. D synthesis,
sensation
Bodily Systems : Skeletal
- Dept of Orthopedics
- Made up of bones +joints
- Function support, protect, store calcium
Bodily Systems : Muscular
- Dept of Myology
- Made up of Bicep brachii etc
- Function movement + heat
Bodily Systems : Digestive
- Dept of Gastroenterology
- Made up of stomach + S/L intestines, gall bladder,
esophagus - Function ingestion, digestion, absorption, eliminate waste
Bodily Systems : Lymphatic/Immune
- Dept of Immunology
- Made up of lymphatic ducts, spleen, thymus
- Function fight pathogens, destroy bacteria
Bodily Systems : Urinary
- Dept of Urology
- Made up of kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra, ureters
- Function regulate blood volume + composition of blood
Bodily Systems : Respiratory
- Dept of Pulmonology
- Made up of trachea, lungs, larynx
- Function gas exchange, vocalization
Bodily Systems : Reproductive
- Dept of F/Glynecology M/Urology
- Made up of
- Function F/production of eggs + baby
M/production of sperm
Bodily Systems : Endocrine System
“Primary Controller”
- Dept of Endocrinology
- Made up of pancreas, thyroid gland, adrenals
- Function regulates homeostasis, reproduction, glucose levels
Bodily Systems : Nervous System
“Primary Controller too”
- Dept of Neurology
- Made up of the brain, spinal cord, nerves
- Function homeostasis, muscle control
