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Bio 7 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biological Classisfication

A

placing organisms into categories on similarities & differences

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2
Q

Taxonomy

A

theory and practice of classification

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3
Q

Systematics

A

study of the diversity of life

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4
Q

Cladistics

A

group organisms based on inferred common ancestry

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5
Q

Number Phenetics

A

grouping organisms based on the number of characteristics in common

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6
Q

Traditional Classification

A

uses both inferred common ancestry & number of characteristics in common

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7
Q

Photautotrophs

A

photosynethic light as the energy source Co2 is the carbon source

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8
Q

Photoheterophs

A

light is the energy source

carbon is from organic compounds produced by other organisms

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9
Q

Chemoautotrophs

A

inorganic substances are the energy source

C02 carbon sources

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10
Q

Chemoheterotrophs

A

energy source and carbon source are from organic compounds produced by other organisms

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11
Q

Crenarcheota

A

lives in hot(thermophiles) or acidic (acidophiles) places

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12
Q

Phylum Euryarcheota

A

Methanogens (high methane) or Halophiles (high salt)

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13
Q

gracillicutes

A

gram negative

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14
Q

proteobacteria

A

largest group of gram negative bacteria

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15
Q

cyanobacteria

A

blue green bacteria and able to photosynthesize

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16
Q

Phylum spirochaetes

A

cell is a spirochaete

17
Q

Phylum chlorobia

A

use sulfur compounds during photosynthesis

live in environments free of oxygen

18
Q

Tenericutes

a. Phylum Aphragmabacteria

A

mycoplasma: lack of cell wall

19
Q

Firmicutes

A

gram positive

20
Q

phylum endospora

A

spore formers

21
Q

Phylum actinobacteria

A

distinguished by cells forming stringy threads as in fungi

22
Q

Phylum Deinococci

A

radiation of heat resistant

all are cocci

23
Q

Phylum Thermotogae

A

live in hydro thermal vents, possess a thick outer covering called a toga

24
Q 
prokaryotic
no peptidoglycan in cell walls
have operons and plasmids
several RNA polymerases
live in extreme environments
A

Archaea

25
Q 
Prokaryotic
has peptidoglycan in cell walls
has operons and plasmids
one RNA polymerase
lives everywhere except extreme environments
A

Eubacteria

26
Q 
eukaryotes
no peptidoglycan in cell walls
no operons or plasmids
has 3 RNA polymerases
lives everywhere except in extreme environments
A

Eukarya

27
Q

Conjugation

A

donor donates DNA to a recipient

28
Q

Transduction

A

gene donation using a viral vector

29
Q

Transformation

A

incorporation of DNA from the environment

30
Q

cellular parasite, protein in the cell wall

A

phylum pirullulae

31
Q

What is the structure of a virus?

A

nucleic acid core
Protein capsid
membranous envelope

32
Q

mRNA virus

A

RNA is used by hosts ribosomes to produce viral proteins

33
Q

retroviruses

A

RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA (cdna)

Bio 7 (16 decks)

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