Kingdom Plantae Flashcards
What are distinctive features of plant cells?
Cell walls made of cellulose
Large central vacuole
Chloroplasts
Water and in organics
Xylem (vascular system)
transports sugars and other organics
Phloem (vascular system)
antheridia produce sperm (produced by mitosis)
male
archegonia produce eggs (produced by mitosis)
female
zygotes grow into adult what ?
sporophytes (diploid)
sporophytes produce
haploid spores
Spores germinate into
gametophytes
Waxy cuticle
prevents water loss
Roots anchor the plants and absorb water and minerals
Adaptations plants to life on land
Stomata- CO2 is absorbed through stomata
Adaptations plants to life on land
Embryo develops inside a protective layer of cells
Adaptations plants to life on land
Tolerate temperature extremes
Adaptations plants to life on land
Gametophyte is dominant
Forms a flattened lobed leaflike structure called a thallus (non vascular plant)
Phylum Hepatophyta
Sporophyte is very reduced and is found on the upper side of the archegoniophore
Phylum Hepatophyta
Asexual reproduction involves the production of tiny balls of tissue called “gemmae” inside gemma cups
Phylum Hepatophyta
Most Primitive Plants
No stomata
Phylum Hepatophyta
True mosses
Usually live in dense colonies or beds
Phylum Bryophyta
Each individual tiny hairlike absorptive structures called rhizoids and stem-like structures that bear leaf-like blades.
Phylum Bryophyta
Gametophyte is a flat plate a few cells thick
Sporophyte is horn-shaped & grows out of the gametophyte
Have stomata
Phylum anthocerophyta
true ferns
Underground stem called a rhizome
Rhizomes bear leaves called fronds and true roots
Each young frond when it emerges forms a tightly coiled fiddlehead
Phylum Pterophyta
whisk fern
Dichotomous branching system
Phylum Psilophyta
horsetails
Small erect leaves
Phylum Sphenophyta
club mosses
Sporangia in many club mosses produce spores in cone-like structures called strobila
Phylum Lycophyta
