Lecture 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Intrinsic Factors that affect PK/PD
A
- Age
- Race
- Organ dysfunction
- Disease
- Pregnancy/lactation
- Gender (sex)
- Genetics
2
Q
Extrinsic Factors that affect PK/PD
A
- Drug-drug interactions
- Smoking/diet
- Alcohol use
- Regulatory
- Medical practice
- Environment
3
Q
HPLC-UV + AD/DIS
A
- Components are separated based on their relative affinities for the stationary phase and mobile phase
- UV detector measures the absorbance of UV light
- Advantage: specific and sensitive
- Disadvantage: time consuming and technically difficult
4
Q
HPLC-MS + AD/DIS
A
- Components are separated based on their relative affinities for the stationary phase and mobile phase
- Mass spectrometer measures mass
- Advantage: highest specificity and sensitivity
- Disadvantage: time consuming, technically difficult, expensive
5
Q
Immunoassay + AD/DIS
A
- Antibody coated well
- Drug in sample binds to antibody
- Second antibody, linked to enzyme, binds to immobilized drug
- Substrate is added and converted by enzyme into colored product. The rate of color formation is proportional to the concentration of drug in sample
- Advantage: fast, easy, sensitive
- Disadvantage: specificity (potential for antibodies to interact with metabolites or parent drug)
6
Q
Mass Balance Study
A
- Eventually, the amount at the absorption site and the amount in the body approach zero
- If human excreta are collected over time after drug administration, the entire dose could be recovered
- This type of study, termed a mass balance study, is routinely done during early stage drug development
- It provides important information on metabolism and excretory pathways
