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SP2 Integumentary > Lecture 1 1/23/24 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 1/23/24 Flashcards

1
Q

How does a primary derm lesion differ from a secondary derm lesion?

A

primary:
-represents the disease process itself
secondary:
-consequence of the primary lesion

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2
Q

What is a macule/patch?

A

flat color change

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3
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in macules?

A

-hyperpigmentation
-vasodilation
-vasculitis

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4
Q

What is a papule?

A

a palpable, infiltrative lesion

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5
Q

What are the diseases processes that can result in papules?

A

-pyoderma
-demodicosis
-dermatophytosis

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6
Q

What is a pustule?

A

small raised lesion containing pus

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7
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in pustules?

A

-pyoderma
-pemphigus

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8
Q

What is a vesicle/bulla?

A

circular lesion containing clear fluid

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9
Q

What is the disease process that can result in vesicles/bullas?

A

blistering diseases

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10
Q

What is a wheal?

A

a raised immediate edema

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11
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in wheals?

A

-urticaria/hives/type 1 hypersensitivity
-vasculitis

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12
Q

What is a nodule?

A

massive infiltration of cells

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13
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in nodules?

A

-neoplasia
-inflammation

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14
Q

What is a tumor?

A

neoplastic enlargement

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15
Q

What is a cyst?

A

cavity of fluid or solid material

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16
Q

Which lesions are primary lesions?

A

-macule
-papule
-pustule
-vesicle/bulla
-wheal
-nodule
-tumor
-cyst

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17
Q

Which lesions are secondary lesions?

A

-epidermal collarettes
-crust
-scar
-excoriation
-erosion
-ulcer
-lichenification
-fissure
-callus

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18
Q

What is an epidermal collarette?

A

circular rim of scale

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19
Q

What is the disease process that can result in epidermal collarettes?

A

staphylococcal pyoderma

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20
Q

What is crust?

A

dried serum, pus, and/or cells

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21
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in crust?

A

-previous pustules
-erosions
-ulcers

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22
Q

What is a scar?

A

fibrosis replacing dermis

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23
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in scarring?

A

prior trauma/disease/wound

24
Q

What is excoriation?

A

linear epidermal removal

25
Q

What is the disease process that results in excoriation?

A

self-trauma

26
Q

What is erosion?

A

non-continuous epidermis

27
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in erosion?

A

-self-trauma
-immune-mediated

28
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

area in which most of the epidermis is missing

29
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in ulceration?

A

self-trauma
-immune-mediated

30
Q

What is lichenification?

A

thickened hyperplastic skin

31
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in lichenification?

A

-chronic inflammation
-self-trauma

32
Q

What is a fissure?

A

damaged epidermis in a linear pattern

33
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in a fissure?

A

-trauma
-other disease

34
Q

What is a callus?

A

boney prominence and/or plaque

35
Q

What are the disease processes that can result in a callus?

A

-chronic pressure
-poor healing

36
Q

Which lesions can be primary or secondary lesions?

A

-alopecia
-scale
-follicular casts
-hyperpigmentation
-hypopigmentation
-comedo/comedones

37
Q

What is alopecia?

A

hair not growing back/hair falling out

38
Q

When is alopecia primary vs. secondary?

A

primary: non-inflammatory; endocrine or genetic
secondary: inflammatory; patient scratches out

39
Q

What is scale?

A

loose pieces of keratinized skin/seborrhea

40
Q

When is scale primary vs. secondary?

A

primary: cornification disorder
secondary: any inflammation

41
Q

What are follicular casts?

A

concretions of surface and follicular debris

42
Q

When are follicular casts primary vs. secondary?

A

primary: sebaceous adenitis
secondary: inflammation

43
Q

What is hyperpigmentation?

A

overproduction of melanin

44
Q

When is hyperpigmentation secondary?

A

post-inflammation

45
Q

What is hypopigmentation?

A

loss of melanin production

46
Q

When is hypopigmentation primary vs. secondary?

A

primary: vitiligo
secondary: post-inflammation

47
Q

What are comedones?

A

plugged, dilated follicles

48
Q

When are comedones primary vs. secondary?

A

primary: keratinization disorder
secondary: folliculitis

49
Q

How does a macule differ from a patch?

A

-macule is less than 1cm
-patch is greater than 1cm

50
Q

How does a papule differ from a plaque?

A

-papule is less than 1cm
-plaque is greater than 1cm

51
Q

How does a vesicle differ from a bulla?

A

-vesicle is less than 1cm
-bulla is greater than 1 cm

52
Q

Where should samples be taken when dealing with epidermal collarettes?

A

underneath the edge/lip

53
Q

How does the distribution differ in pyoderma vs. pemphigus?

A

-pyoderma causes crusting just on the trunk
-pemphigus causes crusting all over the body

54
Q

Which layers of tissue does an ulcer go through?

A

epidermis and dermis

55
Q

What is the therapeutic plan based on?

A

-diagnosis
-clinical signs
-presenting complaint

56
Q

Which components of signalment are important for derm?

A

-age
-breed
-sex
-color

57
Q

What should be gathered during a derm history?

A

-progression/changes in condition
-chronological information on condition

SP2 Integumentary (4 decks)

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