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A organ developments > Lect 4 (Semmelweis) Development of face, palate and facial malformations > Flashcards

Lect 4 (Semmelweis) Development of face, palate and facial malformations Flashcards

1
Q

Development of the face

End of ___ (week?)
-> facial prominences made of neural crest derived mesenchyme and formed mainly by 1st pair of pharyngeal arches!

A

4th week

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2
Q

Development of the face

The face is initially formed by ___

A

5 mesenchymal swellings (processes or prominences)

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3
Q

Development of the face

End of 4th week
-> facial prominences made of ____ and formed mainly by 1st pair of pharyngeal arches!

A

neural crest derived mesenchyme

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4
Q

Development of the face

End of 4th week
-> ____ made of neural crest derived mesenchyme and formed mainly by 1st pair of pharyngeal arches!

A

facial prominences

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5
Q

Development of the face

End of 4th week
-> facial prominences made of neural crest derived mesenchyme and formed mainly by ____

A

1st pair of pharyngeal arches!

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6
Q

Development of the face

2 mandibular prominences (right and left, from 1st arch neural crest mesenchyme), located bellow ____)

A

the stomodeum

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7
Q

Development of the face

The face is initially formed by ___

A

5 mesenchymal swellings (processes or prominences)

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8
Q

Development of the face

The face is initially formed by 5 mesenchymal swellings (processes or prominences)
-> What are they?

A

Frontonasal prominence (midline structure, formed by cranial neural crest mesenchyme, located ventral to the brain vesicles)

2 maxillary prominences (right and left, from 1st arch neural crest mesenchyme, located lateral to the stomodeum)

2 mandibular prominences (right and left, from 1st arch neural crest mesenchyme), located bellow the stomodeum)

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9
Q

Development of the face

The face is initially formed by 5 mesenchymal swellings (processes or prominences)

-> Frontonasal prominence (midline structure, formed by ____, located ventral to the brain vesicles)

A

cranial neural crest mesenchyme

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10
Q

Development of the face

The face is initially formed by 5 mesenchymal swellings (processes or prominences)
-> Frontonasal prominence (midline structure, formed by cranial neural crest mesenchyme, located ventral to ____)

A

the brain vesicles

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11
Q

Development of the face

2 maxillary prominences (right and left, from ____, located lateral to the stomodeum)

A

1st arch neural crest mesenchyme

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12
Q

Development of the face

2 maxillary prominences (right and left, from 1st arch neural crest mesenchyme, located lateral to ____)

A

the stomodeum

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13
Q

Development of the face

2 mandibular prominences (right and left, from _____), located bellow the stomodeum)

A

1st arch neural crest mesenchyme

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14
Q

Development of the face
-> Identify

A
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15
Q

Development of the face
-> Identify

A
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16
Q

Development of the face

5th week
-> on both sides of frontonasal prominences, ____ appears

A

nasal (olfactory) placodes, which is a thickenings of of surface ectoderm

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17
Q

Development of the face

5th week —> on both sides of _____ a thickenings of of surface ectoderm appears which are called as nasal (olfactory) placodes

A

frontonasal prominences

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18
Q

Development of the face

5th week

—> on both sides of frontonasal prominences a thickenings of of surface ectoderm appears which are called as nasal (olfactory) placodes

→ these placodes invaginate to become ____

A

Nasal pits

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19
Q

Development of the face

5th week

—> on both sides of frontonasal prominences a thickenings of of surface ectoderm appears which are called as nasal (olfactory) placodes

→ these placodes invaginate to become Nasal pits

→ 2 nasal pits develop in the (1)_____ (position?) of the (2)_____

A
  1. Ventrolateral aspects
  2. frontonasal prominences
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20
Q

Development of the face

5th week

—> on both sides of frontonasal prominences a thickenings of of surface ectoderm appears which are called as nasal (olfactory) placodes

→ these placodes invaginate to become Nasal pits

→ 2 nasal pits develop in the Ventrolateral aspects of the frontonasal prominences

→ these nasal pits are located between ____ and ____

A

2 lateral and 2 medial nasal prominences

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21
Q

Development of face

→ identify

A
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22
Q

Development of the face

→ identify

A
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23
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The maxillary prominences grow toward the midline and fuse with _____

A

the lateral nasal prominences.

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24
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

______ grow toward the midline and fuse with the lateral nasal prominences.

A

The maxillary prominences

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25
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The maxillary prominences grow toward (1)____ and fuse with the lateral nasal prominences.

→ A deep groove called as: (2)_____ is formed between the maxillary & lateral nasal prominences on both side of the developing nose.

A
  1. the midline
  2. nasolacrimal groove
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26
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The maxillary prominences grow toward the midline and fuse with the lateral nasal prominences.

→ A deep groove called as: nasolacrimal groove is formed between ____ and _____ on both side of the developing nose.

A

the maxillary & lateral nasal prominences

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27
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The maxillary prominences grow toward the midline and fuse with the lateral nasal prominences.

→ A deep groove called as: nasolacrimal groove is formed between the maxillary & lateral nasal prominences on both side of _____

A

the developing nose.

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28
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The maxillary prominences grow toward the midline and fuse with the lateral nasal prominences.

→ nasolacrimal groove is formed between the maxillary & lateral nasal prominences on both side of the developing nose.

→ Most of the groove is obliterated with fusion of the maxillary & lateral nasal prominences, but a small portion persists as ___ and _____

A

the nasolacrimal duct & lacrimal sac.

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29
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

→ IDENTIFY

A
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30
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

Growth of the maxillary prominences causes fusion of these prominences with _____

A

the medial nasal prominences.

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31
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

Growth of the maxillary prominences causes fusion of these prominences with the medial nasal prominences.

→ How are the medial nasal prominences pushed together?

A

Continues growth of the maxillary prominences + regression of the frontonasal prominence

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32
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The medial prominences fuse to form ____ and ____

A

the midline of the nose & philtrum of the upper lip.

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33
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The superior portion of (1)______ grows & extends to form the forehead.

A

the frontonasal prominence

34
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The superior portion of the frontonasal prominence grows & extends to form _____

A

the forehead.

35
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

_____does not grow very much, thus allowing the medial nasal processes to fuse in the midline.

A

The inferior portion of the frontonasal prominence

36
Q

Development of the face

Development of the face occurs via the growth & fusion of these prominences

The inferior portion of the frontonasal prominence does not grow very much, thus allowing ____ to fuse in the midline.

A

the medial nasal processes

37
Q

Development of the face

How is the mandible formed?

A

The mandibular prominences grow together to form a single mandible

38
Q

Development of the face

Prominence: frontonasal

→ 6 structures formed?

A
  1. Forehead
  2. Bridge of nose
  3. Medial and lateral prominences (paired prominences)
39
Q

Development of the face

Prominence: maxillary

→ 2 structures formed?

A
  1. Cheeks
  2. Lateral portion of upper lip
40
Q

Development of the face

Prominence: Medial nasal

→ 3 structures formed?

A
  1. Philtrum of the nose
  2. Crest
  3. Tip of nose
41
Q

Development of the face

Prominence: Lateral nasal

→ 1 structures formed?

A

Alae of nose

42
Q

Development of the face

Prominence: MANDIBULAR

→ 6 structures formed?

A

Lower lip

43
Q

Development of the face

Which prominence is the unpaired one?

A

Frontonasal

44
Q

Development of palate (primary palate)

How is the intermaxillary segment formed?

A

Medial growth of the maxillary prominences + 2 medial nasal prominences

45
Q

Development of palate (primary palate)

The intermaxillary segment is composed of ___ (3)

A

1) Labial component —> forms the philtrum of the upper lip. 2) Upper jaw component —> carries the four incisor teeth. 3) palatal component —> forms the triangular primary palate.

46
Q

Development of palate (primary palate)

The intermaxillary segment is composed of

  1. Labial component —> forms _____
  2. Upper jaw component —> carries ____
  3. palatal component —> forms ____
A
  1. the philtrum of the upper lip.
  2. the four incisor teeth.
  3. the triangular primary palate.
47
Q

Development of palate (primary palate)

Intermaxillary segment continuous with the (1)____ portion of the nasal septum — formed by (2)____

A
  1. rostral
  2. the frontal prominence.
48
Q

Development of palate (primary palate)

Identify

A
49
Q

Development of palate (primary palate)

How is the intermaxillary segment formed?

A
50
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

What happen during 6th of development of palate?

A

6th week —> main part of the palate is developing

51
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

Primary palate — derived from ____

A

the Intermaxillary segment.

52
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

Secondary palate — formed by ____

A

2 outgrowths from the maxillary prominences.

53
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

Secondary palate — formed by 2 outgrowths from the maxillary prominences.

→ These outgrowths — the palatine shelves are directed obliquely downward ___

A

on each side of the tongue.

54
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

→ Identify

A
55
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

→ identify

A
56
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

What happen during 7th week?

A

palatine shelves ascend horizontally above the tongue & fuse to form the secondary palate

57
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ _____ ascend horizontally above the tongue & fuse to form the secondary palate

A

palatine shelves

58
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ palatine shelves ascend horizontally above the tongue & fuse to form _____

A

the secondary palate

59
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ Anteriorly, the palatine shelves fuse with ____

A

the triangular primary palate.

60
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ ___ is the midline landmark between the primary & secondary palates.

A

The incisive foramen

61
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ The incisive foramen is the midline landmark between ___ and ____

A

the primary & secondary palates.

62
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ Beside to the palatine shelves fusion, ____ grows down & joins with the newly formed palate.

A

the nasal septum

63
Q

Development of palate (secondary palate)

during 7th week

→ Beside to the palatine shelves fusion, the nasal septum grows down & joins with ____

A

the newly formed palate.

64
Q

Development of palate (3)

Secondary palate is made of ___

A

2 Maxillary prominences (palatine shelves) + palatine bone

65
Q

Development of palate (3)

With growth & expansion of ____, the tongue moves down

A

the mandible

66
Q

Development of palate (3)

The palatine shelves grow toward ____ & fuse to form the secondary palate

A

the midline

67
Q

Development of palate (3)

Disruption of growth of the tongue and/or mandible can secondarily cause ____

A

a cleft secondary palate.

68
Q

Development of palate (W7)

A
69
Q

Development of palate (W7)

Secondary palate is made of ___

A
70
Q

Development of palate (W10)

IDENTIFY

A
71
Q

Development of palate (W10)

Identify

A
72
Q

Development of the Nose-Nasal cavities

The nose is formed from 5 facial prominences

→ What are they?

A
  1. The frontonasal prominence (1) gives rise to the bridge.
  2. The merged medial nasal prominences (2) provide the crest & tip.
  3. The lateral nasal prominences (2) form the sides (alae).
73
Q

Development of the Nose-Nasal cavities

The nose is formed from 5 facial prominences

  1. The frontonasal prominence (1) gives rise to ___
  2. The merged medial nasal prominences (2) provide ___
  3. The lateral nasal prominences (2) form ____
A
  1. the bridge.
  2. the crest & tip.
  3. the sides (alae).
74
Q

Development of the Nose-Nasal cavities

6th week —> nasal pits deepen because of 2 reasons which are ___

A

1) growth of nasal prominence
2) penetration into underlying mesenchyme

75
Q

Development of the Nasal cavities

First — (!)_____ separates the nasal pits from primitive oral cavity.

Then — (2)____ are formed.

A
  1. oronasal membrane
  2. primitive choncha
76
Q

Development of the Nasal cavities

First — oronasal membrane separates the nasal pits from primitive oral cavity.

Then — primitive choncha are formed.

(!)____are formed:

→ After formation of secondary palate & further development of (2)____

A
  1. Definitive nasal chonchae
  2. primitive nasal chambers
77
Q

Development of the Nasal cavities

First — oronasal membrane separates the nasal pits from primitive oral cavity.

Then — primitive choncha are formed.

Definitive nasal chonchae are formed:

→ After formation of ____ & further development of primitive nasal chambers

A

secondary palate

78
Q

• Hare lip

→ Causes?

A

bilateral failure of maxillary & medial nasal prominences to fuse

79
Q

Oblique facial cleft
→ Causes?

A

unilateral failure of maxillary, medial, & lateral nasal prominences to fuse

80
Q

Causes of Macrostoma

A

incomplete lateral merging of maxillary & mandibular processes

81
Q

Causes of Median cleft lip

A

incomplete fusion of medial nasal prominences

82
Q

Causes of Median cleft lip

A

incomplete fusion of medial nasal prominences

A organ developments (18 decks)

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