Development of the peritoneum, Separation of body cavities.

Question 1

____ (=peritoneal duplications in front and behind) surround the developing gut.

Answer 1

ventral and dorsal mesenteries

Question 2

What is Ventral mesentery?

Answer 2

The anterior peritoneal duplicature exists only above the umbilical vein.

Question 3

2 parts of Ventral mesentery

Answer 3

ventral mesogastrium and ventral mesoduodenum.

Question 4

____ divides the ventral mesogastrium into smaller parts

Answer 4

The developing liver

Question 5

The developing liver divides the ventral mesogastrium into smaller parts.
-> The derivatives of the ventral mesogastrium are:

Answer 5

1. the falciform lig. of the liver (- int he lower edge of it the remnant of the umbilical vein forms the round lig. of the liver).
2. the hepatogastric lig.
   3-4. right + left coronary ligaments of the liver and left triangular lig. of the liver.

Question 6

B) ventral mesoduodenum gives rise to ___

Answer 6

the hepatoduodenal lig.

Question 7

Lesser omentum is formed by ___ and ____

Answer 7

the hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments.

Question 8

What is Dorsal mesentery?

Answer 8

The posterior peritoneal duplicature develops in the whole length of the gut tube.

Question 9

What divides the Dorsal mesogastrium?

Answer 9

The developing spleen

Question 10

The developing spleen divides Dorsal mesogastrium into ___

Answer 10

1. gastrosplenic lig.

2. splenorenal lig. / phrenicosplenic lig. / pancreaticosplenic lig.

Question 11

The distal part of the duodenum (between the sup. flexure and the duodenojejunal flexure) is originally (1)____ (Fig. A), but later becomes (2)____

Answer 11

1. intraperitoneal

2. retroperitoneal (=secondary retroperitoneal organ).

Question 12

During the fetal development ____ (3) fuse with the posterior abdominal wall (Fig. B, C, D)

• > only their anterior part remains peritoneum-covered
• > These organs can be called semi-intraperitoneal organs (Fig.D).

Answer 12

the ascending and descending colon as well as the upper 1/3 of the rectum

Question 13

During the fetal development the ascending and descending colon as well as the upper 1/3 of the rectum fuse with the posterior abdominal wall (Fig. B, C, D)

• > only their anterior part remains peritoneum-covered
• > These organs can be called ___ (Fig.D).

Answer 13

semi-intraperitoneal organs

Question 14

From the rest of the dorsal mesentery develop:

Answer 14

1. the greater omentum (4 layers).
   => It later fuses with the 2 layers of the transverse mesocolon
   => gastrocolic lig. (6 layers).
2. the mesentery
3. the mesoappendix
4. the transverse mesocolon 7. the mesosigmoid